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  2. Clipping (morphology) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clipping_(morphology)

    Final clipping, which may include apocope; Initial clipping, which may include apheresis, or procope; Medial clipping, or syncope; Complex clipping, creating clipped compounds; Final and initial clipping may be combined and result in curtailed words with the middle part of the prototype retained, which usually includes the syllable with primary ...

  3. Long s - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Long_s

    See, for example, the word "Bleſſings" in the Preamble to the United States Constitution. This usage was not universal, and a long followed by a short s is sometimes seen even mid-word (e.g. "Miſsiſsippi"). [5] Round s was used at the end of each word in a hyphenated compound word: "croſs-piece".

  4. Voiceless alveolar fricative - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Voiceless_alveolar_fricative

    It occurs in Icelandic as well as an intervocalic and word-final allophone of English /t/ in dialects such as Hiberno-English and Scouse. The voiceless alveolar lateral fricative [ɬ] sounds like a voiceless, strongly articulated version of English l (somewhat like what the English cluster **hl would sound like) and is written as ll in Welsh .

  5. Final form - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Final_form

    The now final forms ן ץ ף ך ‎ predate their non-final counterparts; They were the default forms used in any position within a word. Their descender eventually bent forwards when preceding another letter to facilitate writing. [citation needed] A final form of these letters is also called pshuta (פשוטה ‎, meaning extended or plain).

  6. Hamza - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hamza

    In the middle position, if hamza is surrounded by vowels, it indicates a diphthong or syllable break between the two vowels. In the middle position, if hamza is surrounded by only one vowel, it takes the sound of that vowel. In the final position hamza is silent or produces a glottal sound, as in Arabic.

  7. IMFI - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IMFI

    IMFI is an acronym for "Initial, Medial, Final, Isolated", a writing system in which each character has four different potential shapes: initial – used for the first character in a word; medial – used in the middle of a word; final – used for the last character in a word; isolated – used for single-letter words

  8. Consonant voicing and devoicing - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Consonant_voicing_and...

    Most commonly, the change is a result of sound assimilation with an adjacent sound of opposite voicing, but it can also occur word-finally or in contact with a specific vowel. For example, the English suffix -s is pronounced [s] when it follows a voiceless phoneme (cats), and [z] when it follows a voiced phoneme (dogs). [1]

  9. Phonological history of English consonant clusters - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phonological_history_of...

    For example, the words prince and prints have come to be homophones or nearly so. The epenthesis is a natural consequence of the transition from the nasal [n] to the fricative [s] ; if the raising of the soft palate (which converts a nasal to an oral sound) is completed before the release of the tongue tip (which enables a fricative sound), an ...