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  2. Spark spread - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spark_spread

    In the UK, a non-rounded efficiency of 49.13% is used for calculating the gas conversion. In reality, each gas-fired plant has a different fuel efficiency, but 49.13% is used as a standard in the UK market because it provides an easy conversion between gas and power volumes. The spark spread value is therefore the power price minus the gas cost ...

  3. Foreign exchange hedge - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Foreign_exchange_hedge

    A foreign exchange hedge transfers the foreign exchange risk from the trading or investing company to a business that carries the risk, such as a bank. There is a cost to the company for setting up a hedge. By setting up a hedge, the company also forgoes any profit if the movement in the exchange rate would be favourable to it.

  4. Replicating portfolio - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Replicating_portfolio

    In mathematical finance, a replicating portfolio for a given asset or series of cash flows is a portfolio of assets with the same properties (especially cash flows). This is meant in two distinct senses: static replication, where the portfolio has the same cash flows as the reference asset (and no changes need to be made to maintain this), and dynamic replication, where the portfolio does not ...

  5. Beta (finance) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beta_(finance)

    Beta is the hedge ratio of an investment with respect to the stock market. For example, to hedge out the market-risk of a stock with a market beta of 2.0, an investor would short $2,000 in the stock market for every $1,000 invested in the stock. Thus insured, movements of the overall stock market no longer influence the combined position on ...

  6. Crack spread - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crack_spread

    Energy portal; Crack spread is a term used on the oil industry and futures trading for the differential between the price of crude oil and petroleum products extracted from it. . The spread approximates the profit margin that an oil refinery can expect to make by "cracking" the long-chain hydrocarbons of crude oil into useful shorter-chain petroleum produc

  7. Delta neutral - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Delta_neutral

    A related term, delta hedging, is the process of setting or keeping a portfolio as close to delta-neutral as possible. In practice, maintaining a zero delta is very complex because there are risks associated with re-hedging on large movements in the underlying stock's price, and research indicates portfolios tend to have lower cash flows if re ...

  8. 130–30 fund - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/130–30_fund

    The main obvious similarity between these strategies and 130–30 is that both strategies have both long and short positions. Market neutral hedge funds typically charge a performance fee, inline with most 130–30 funds. On the other hand, they are not managed to an index, but instead use the risk-free interest rate as their benchmark.

  9. Credit valuation adjustment - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Credit_valuation_adjustment

    The hedging here focuses on addressing changes to the counterparty's credit worthiness, offsetting potential future exposure at a given quantile. Further, since under Basel III , banks are required to hold specific regulatory capital on the net CVA-risk, [ 5 ] the CVA desk is responsible also for managing (minimizing) the capital requirements ...