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These ants are commonly known as bull ants, bulldog ants or jack jumper ants, ... The division of labour is based on the size of ant, rather than its age, ...
Myrmecia gulosa, the red bull ant, also known as the giant bull ant or "hoppy joe", is a species of bulldog ant from the genus Myrmecia. It is abundant throughout Eastern Australia . Taxonomy
The largest size of this bull ant species is reached by the queen, about 22 to 24 mm (0.87 to 0.94 in) long.Males grow to 16 mm (0.63 in), and the worker ants average 14 to 18 mm (0.55 to 0.71 in) long. [1]
The jack jumper ant (Myrmecia pilosula), also known as the jack jumper, jumping jack, hopper ant, or jumper ant, is a species of venomous ant native to Australia.Most frequently found in Tasmania and southeast mainland Australia, it is a member of the genus Myrmecia, subfamily Myrmeciinae, and was formally described and named by British entomologist Frederick Smith in 1858.
The queens measure 27 to 31 millimetres (1.06 to 1.22 in) and males are 20 to 22 millimetres (0.79 to 0.87 in) long. The ant is yellowish red, with the antennae, legs and mandibles lighter yellowish. The gaster is black. It resembles M. forficata in size and colour, but the two species can be distinguished by the form of the node. [16] [17]
This placement, however, was short lived and the ant was placed in the M. gulosa species group one month after it was placed in the M. cephalotes species group. [14] M. pyriformis is commonly known as the black bull-ant, brown bulldog ant or the inch ant, which references the colour and notably large size of the ant. [15] [16] [17]
Worker ants have been known to measure 3.7 cm (1.5 in) in total length, while queens can exceed 4.0 cm (1.6 in) in length, making them one of the largest types of bull ants in Australia and in the world. Most of their bodies are dark red, with the exception of the bulbous parts of their abdomens being black. [2]
Ants of the genus Myrmecia are commonly known as "bull ants". This species is similar in appearance to the jack jumper ant. Their jaws and most of their body are coloured black, with their legs being orange and their abdomen being a golden colour. Workers are 9-13 millimetres long and their queens are larger at 14-16 millimetres long. [2] [3]