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  2. Video BIOS - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Video_BIOS

    Video BIOS is the BIOS of a graphics card in a (usually IBM PC-derived) computer. It initializes the graphics card at the computer's boot time. It also implements INT 10h interrupt and VESA BIOS Extensions (VBE) [ 1 ] [ 2 ] for basic text and videomode output before a specific video driver is loaded.

  3. INT 10H - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/INT_10H

    Furthermore, on a modern x86 system, BIOS calls can only be performed in Real mode, or Virtual 8086 mode. v8086 is not an option in Long mode. This means that a modern operating system, which operates in Protected mode (32 bit), or Long mode (64 bit), would need to switch into real mode and back to call the BIOS - a hugely expensive operation.

  4. BIOS - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BIOS

    In computing, BIOS (/ ˈ b aɪ ɒ s,-oʊ s /, BY-oss, -⁠ohss; Basic Input/Output System, also known as the System BIOS, ROM BIOS, BIOS ROM or PC BIOS) is a type of firmware used to provide runtime services for operating systems and programs and to perform hardware initialization during the booting process (power-on startup). [1]

  5. VESA BIOS Extensions - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/VESA_BIOS_Extensions

    DPMS is a hardware standard that allows graphics cards to communicate with DPMS-compliant monitors via a special signalling system that can be used with existing graphics controllers and monitor cables. This signalling system allows the graphics card to tell the monitor to go into a number of different power management or power saving states ...

  6. Graphics card - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Graphics_card

    A modern consumer graphics card: A Radeon RX 6900 XT from AMD. A graphics card (also called a video card, display card, graphics accelerator, graphics adapter, VGA card/VGA, video adapter, display adapter, or colloquially GPU) is a computer expansion card that generates a feed of graphics output to a display device such as a monitor.

  7. UniVBE - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/UniVBE

    However, the Scitech Nucleus Graphics engine lived on as SciTech SNAP (System Neutral Access Protocol) Graphics, SciTech SNAP DDC, and SciTech VBE Test Suite 8.0. [2] Unlike UniVBE, SciTech SNAP Graphics is designed as fully-accelerated binary-compatible graphic device driver, rather than patching a GPU BIOS to be VESA-compliant.

  8. Color Graphics Adapter - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Color_Graphics_Adapter

    The specific BIOS graphics mode influences which palettes are available. BIOS Mode 4 offers two palettes: green/red/brown and cyan/magenta/white. As with the text modes 0 and 2, Mode 5 disables the color burst to allow colors to appear in grayscale on composite monitor. However, unlike the text modes, this also affects the colors displayed on ...

  9. UEFI - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/UEFI

    The original motivation for EFI came during early development of the first Intel–HP Itanium systems in the mid-1990s. BIOS limitations (such as 16-bit real mode, 1 MB addressable memory space, [7] assembly language programming, and PC AT hardware) had become too restrictive for the larger server platforms Itanium was targeting. [8]