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Georgian has four classes of verbs: transitive, intransitive, medial and indirect verbs. [1] Each class has its own set of rules of conjugation for all screeves (counterpart of tense-aspect-moods). [2] However, numerous verbs in Georgian do not conform to the conjugation of a single class (see irregular verbs below). Preverb. Although preverbs ...
Georgian syntax and verb agreement are largely those of a nominative–accusative language.That is, the subject of an intransitive verb and the subject of a transitive verb are treated alike when it comes to word order within the sentence, and agreement marks in the verb complex.
However, there are some intransitive verbs in Georgian that behave like transitive verbs, and therefore employ the ergative case in the past tense. Consider: K'acma daacemina. (კაცმა დააცემინა) "The man sneezed." Although the verb "sneeze" is clearly intransitive, it is conjugated like a transitive verb.
In ergative–absolutive languages (such as Basque and Georgian, or the Eskaleut and Mayan languages), there is a different pattern. The patient (or target) of a transitive verb and the experiencer of an intransitive verb are treated the same grammatically.
Screeve is a term of grammatical description in traditional Georgian grammars that roughly corresponds to tense–aspect–mood marking in the Western grammatical tradition. It derives from the Georgian word მწკრივი mts’k’rivi ' row '. Formally, it refers to a set of six verb forms inflected for person and number forming a ...
Georgian shows an illuminating distinction between verbal and nominal number. Georgian verbs may be suppletive for tense and animacy as well as number. When a noun occurs with a numeral in Georgian, it takes the singular form regardless of its semantic number. Verbal agreement is syntactic, and therefore is also singular.
Pages in category "Georgian words and phrases" The following 67 pages are in this category, out of 67 total. This list may not reflect recent changes. 0–9.
Georgian (spoken in the Caucasian nation of Georgia): generally considered a split ergative language, [5] but Alice Harris has claimed that it shows active alignment in some verb paradigms (namely, that the ergative marker appears to apply to active-intransitive verbs; also stative experiencers take a different case marking and agreement ...