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The input voltage source and the resistor R constitute an imperfect current source passing current, I R through the load (Fig. 3 in the source). The INIC acts as a second current source passing "helping" current, I −R, through the load. As a result, the total current flowing through the load is constant and the circuit impedance seen by the ...
Or if the current is forced to some value I, then the measured voltage V divided by that current I is also R. Since the plot of I versus V is a straight line, then it is also true that for any set of two different voltages V 1 and V 2 applied across a given device of resistance R, producing currents I 1 = V 1 /R and I 2 = V 2 /R, that the ratio ...
The intersections of the load line with the transistor characteristic curves represent the circuit-constrained values of I C and V CE at different base currents. [2] If the transistor could pass all the current available, with no voltage dropped across it, the collector current would be the supply voltage V CC over R L. This is the point where ...
The simplest I–V curve is that of a resistor, which according to Ohm's law exhibits a linear relationship between the applied voltage and the resulting electric current; the current is proportional to the voltage, so the I–V curve is a straight line through the origin with positive slope.
The current entering any junction is equal to the current leaving that junction. i 2 + i 3 = i 1 + i 4. This law, also called Kirchhoff's first law, or Kirchhoff's junction rule, states that, for any node (junction) in an electrical circuit, the sum of currents flowing into that node is equal to the sum of currents flowing out of that node; or equivalently:
Kirchhoff's current law is the basis of nodal analysis. In electric circuits analysis, nodal analysis, node-voltage analysis, or the branch current method is a method of determining the voltage (potential difference) between "nodes" (points where elements or branches connect) in an electrical circuit in terms of the branch currents.
As originally stated in terms of direct-current resistive circuits only, Thévenin's theorem states that "Any linear electrical network containing only voltage sources, current sources and resistances can be replaced at terminals A–B by an equivalent combination of a voltage source V th in a series connection with a resistance R th." The ...
6 V A common voltage for medium-size electric lanterns. [19] A voltage for older electric systems of automobiles. Deca-10 1: 12 V Typical car battery [20] Hecto-10 2: 100–240 V Domestic wall socket voltage [21] 600 V Electric eel sends this voltage in an average attack 630 V London Underground railway tracks Kilo-10 3: 2450 V