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Some novel tool-use by primates may arise in a localised or isolated manner within certain unique primate cultures, being transmitted and practised among socially connected primates through cultural learning. Many famous researchers, such as Charles Darwin in his 1871 book The Descent of Man, have mentioned tool use in monkeys (such as baboons).
The discipline attempts to move beyond archaeology's anthropocentric perspective by placing the focus on both past and present primate tool use. [1] Primate archaeology is characterized by the combination of archaeological and primatological methods, and researchers consider both non-human primate tools and their behaviour in tandem. [2]
Hominid apes build nests for sleeping at night, and in some species, for sleeping during the day. Nest-building by hominid apes is learned by infants watching the mother and others in the group, and is considered tool use rather than animal architecture. [1] [2] Neither Old World monkeys nor New World monkeys nest. [3]
Primates have advanced cognitive abilities: some make tools and use them to acquire food and for social displays; [163] [164] some can perform tasks requiring cooperation, influence and rank; [165] they are status conscious, manipulative and capable of deception; [166] [167] they can recognise kin and conspecifics; [168] [169] and they can ...
The use of tools by apes including chimpanzees [12] and orangutans [13] can be used to argue in favour of tool-use as an ancestral feature of the hominin family. [14] Tools made from bone, wood, or other organic materials were therefore in all probability used before the Oldowan. [ 15 ]
Chimpanzees have been known to use tools for as long as they have been studied. Andrew Whiten found that chimpanzees not only use tools, but also conform to using the same method as the majority of individuals in the group. [53] This conformity bias is prevalent in human culture as well and is commonly referred to as peer pressure. [citation ...
The order Primates consists of 505 extant species belonging to 81 genera. This does not include hybrid species or extinct prehistoric species. Modern molecular studies indicate that the 81 genera can be grouped into 16 families; these families are divided between two named suborders and are grouped in those suborders into named clades, and some of these families are subdivided into named ...
Tool use has been reported many times in both wild and captive primates, particularly the great apes. The use of tools by primates is varied and includes hunting (mammals, invertebrates, fish), collecting honey, processing food (nuts, fruits, vegetables and seeds), collecting water, weapons and shelter.