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The occipital vein is a vein of the scalp. It originates from a plexus around the external occipital protuberance and superior nuchal line to the back part of the vertex of the skull . It usually drains into the internal jugular vein , but may also drain into the posterior auricular vein (which joins the external jugular vein ).
The anterior part of it unites with the facial vein to form the common facial vein, which drains into jugular vein, and ultimately to the subclavian vein. The occipital vein terminates to the sub-occipital plexus. There are other veins, like the emissary vein and frontal diploic vein, which also contribute to the venous drainage.
The head and neck are emptied of blood by the subclavian vein and jugular vein. Right side of neck dissection showing the brachiocephalic, right common carotid artery and its branches The brachiocephalic artery or trunk is the first and largest artery that branches to form the right common carotid artery and the right subclavian artery .
Septal veins; Sigmoid sinus; Sphenoparietal sinus; Straight sinus; Sublingual vein; Suboccipital venous plexus; Superficial cerebral veins; Superficial temporal vein; Superficial veins of the brain; Superior anastomotic vein; Superior cerebral veins; Superior labial vein; Superior laryngeal vein; Superior ophthalmic vein; Superior petrosal ...
The superior cerebellar veins pass partly forward and medialward, across the superior cerebellar vermis. They end in the straight sinus, [1] and the internal cerebral veins, partly lateralward to the transverse and superior petrosal sinuses. The inferior cerebellar veins are larger.
The foramina in the base of the skull are exit and entry points for veins, arteries and cranial nerves. The cranial nerves as they exit through various foramina. Sphenoidal lingula; Subarcuate fossa; Dorsum sellae; Jugular process; Petro-occipital fissure; Condylar canal; Jugular tubercle; Tuberculum sellae; Carotid groove; Fossa hypophyseos ...
The external vertebral venous plexuses travel inferiorly from this suboccipital region to drain into the brachiocephalic vein. The occipital vein joins in the formation of the plexus deep to the musculature of the back and from here drains into the external jugular vein. The plexus surrounds segments of the vertebral artery
Rarely, the vertebral arteries enter the subarachnoid space at C1-C2 (3%) or C2-C3 (only three cases have been reported) vertebral levels instead of the atlanto-occipital level. [ 9 ] The portion of vertebral arteries located within the skull (intracranial) have diameters of 3.17 mm.