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The French Revolution (French: Révolution française [ʁevɔlysjɔ̃ fʁɑ̃sɛːz]) was a period of political and societal change in France that began with the Estates General of 1789, and ended with the coup of 18 Brumaire in November 1799 and the formation of the French Consulate.
Translated in two volumes: The French Revolution from its origins to 1793 (1962), and The French Revolution from 1793 to 1799 (1967). Rudé, George (1959). The Crowd in the French Revolution. Rudé, George (1988). The French Revolution: Its Causes, Its History and Its Legacy After 200 Years. Grove Press. ISBN 978-1555841508. Cobban, Alfred (1963).
The proclamation of the French Republic on September 4, 1870, announced to the French people that the Republic was being reestablished, thereby founding the Third Republic, and causing the downfall of Emperor Napoleon III and the fall of the Second Empire. This event represents the fourth French Revolution, following those of 1789, 1830, and 1848.
The Irish revolutionary John Mitchel called the French Revolution "the profoundest book, and the most eloquent and fascinating history, that English literature ever produced." [ 15 ] Florence Edward MacCarthy, son of Denis MacCarthy , remarked that "Perhaps more than any other, it stimulated poor John Mitchel & led to his fate in 1848", i.e ...
December 6: French army under Jean Étienne Championnet defeats the army of the King of Naples and his wife at Battle of Civita Castellana. December 14: French army under Championnet recaptures Rome. December 21: French army attacks Naples and forces King of Naples to take sanctuary on the flagship of Admiral Nelson.
The Girondins (US: /(d) ʒ ɪ ˈ r ɒ n d ɪ n z / ji-RON-dinz, zhi-, [6] French: [ʒiʁɔ̃dɛ̃] ⓘ), or Girondists, were a political group during the French Revolution.From 1791 to 1793, the Girondins were active in the Legislative Assembly and the National Convention.
The French Revolution had a major impact on Europe and the New World. Historians widely regard the Revolution as one of the most important events in European history. [1] [2] [3] In the short-term, France lost thousands of its countrymen in the form of émigrés, or emigrants who wished to escape political tensions and save their lives.
The National Convention (French: Convention nationale) was the constituent assembly of the Kingdom of France for one day and the French First Republic for its first three years during the French Revolution, following the two-year National Constituent Assembly and the one-year Legislative Assembly.