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  2. Flavin adenine dinucleotide - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flavin_adenine_dinucleotide

    In biochemistry, flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD) is a redox-active coenzyme associated with various proteins, which is involved with several enzymatic reactions in metabolism. A flavoprotein is a protein that contains a flavin group , which may be in the form of FAD or flavin mononucleotide (FMN).

  3. Mitochondrial matrix - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mitochondrial_matrix

    NADH and FADH 2 are produced in the matrix or transported in through porin and transport proteins in order to undergo oxidation through oxidative phosphorylation. [1] NADH and FADH 2 undergo oxidation in the electron transport chain by transferring an electrons to regenerate NAD + and FAD.

  4. Electron transport chain - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electron_transport_chain

    An electron transport chain (ETC [1]) is a series of protein complexes and other molecules which transfer electrons from electron donors to electron acceptors via redox reactions (both reduction and oxidation occurring simultaneously) and couples this electron transfer with the transfer of protons (H + ions) across a membrane.

  5. Citric acid cycle - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Citric_acid_cycle

    FADH 2 is covalently attached to succinate dehydrogenase, an enzyme which functions both in the citric acid cycle and the mitochondrial electron transport chain in oxidative phosphorylation. FADH 2, therefore, facilitates transfer of electrons to coenzyme Q, which is the final electron acceptor of the reaction catalyzed by the succinate ...

  6. Flavoprotein - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flavoprotein

    The B chain of dipicolinate synthase, an enzyme which catalyses the formation of dipicolinic acid from dihydroxydipicolinic acid [13] Phenylacrylic acid decarboxylase (EC 4.1.1.102), an enzyme which confers resistance to cinnamic acid in yeast [14] Phototropin and cryptochrome, light-sensing proteins [15]

  7. Beta oxidation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beta_oxidation

    This reaction is essential for the subsequent steps in beta oxidation that lead to the production of acetyl-CoA, NADH, and FADH2, which are important for generating ATP, the energy currency of the cell. Long-chain hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase (LCHAD) deficiency is a condition that affects mitochondrial function due to enzyme impairments.

  8. Acyl-CoA dehydrogenase - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acyl-CoA_dehydrogenase

    The medium chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase (MCAD) is the best known structure of all ACADs, and is the most commonly deficient enzyme within the class that leads to metabolic disorders in animals. [1] This protein is a homotetramer with each subunit containing roughly 400 amino acids and one equivalent of FAD per monomer.

  9. Fatty acyl-CoA esters - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fatty_acyl-CoA_esters

    Long-chain acyl-CoA esters are substrates for a number of important enzymatic reactions and play a central role in the regulation of metabolism as allosteric regulators of several enzymes. To participate in specific metabolic processes, fatty acids must first be activated by being joined in thioester linkage (R-CO-SCoA) to the -SH group of ...