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Disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) is a condition in which blood clots form throughout the body, blocking small blood vessels. [1] Symptoms may include chest pain, shortness of breath, leg pain, problems speaking, or problems moving parts of the body. [1] As clotting factors and platelets are used up, bleeding may occur. [1]
It attracts platelets and allows for the formation of a blood clot when it comes into contact with blood. Unlike the hemostatic clamp, no mechanical action is involved. The surgeon presses the MCH against a bleeding site, and the collagen attracts and helps with the clotting process to eventually stop bleeding.
On rare occasions, blood products are contaminated with bacteria. This can result in a life-threatening infection known as transfusion-transmitted bacterial infection. The risk of severe bacterial infection is estimated, as of 2020, at about 1 in 2,500 platelet transfusions, and 1 in 2,000,000 red blood cell transfusions. [44]
Islet transplantation is the transplantation of isolated islets from a donor pancreas into another person. It is a treatment for type 1 diabetes. [1] Once transplanted, the islets begin to produce insulin, actively regulating the level of glucose in the blood.
If all of the incidentally collected white blood cells are transfused with the platelets, substantial rejection problems can occur. Therefore, it is standard practice to filter out white blood cells before transfusion by the process of leukoreduction. Early platelet transfusions used a filter to remove white blood cells at the time of transfusion.
Rarely, other replacement fluids, such as hydroxyethyl starch, may be used in individuals who object to blood transfusion but these are rarely used due to severe side-effects. Medication to keep the blood from clotting (an anticoagulant) is given to the patient during the procedure. [1] Plasmapheresis is used as a therapy in particular diseases ...
[27] [28] [29] Most are given to prevent bleeding during treatment with chemotherapy or stem cell transplant. [29] [28] [30] Much of the remainder are used in general medicine, cardiac surgery and in intensive care. [29] [28] [30] Unlike other blood products demand for platelet transfusions appears to be increasing in several countries around ...
Pregnant women with ITP are 1.83 times more likely to have bleeding episodes during pregnancy compared to non-pregnant females with ITP, however, with proper treatment, platelets rarely drop below 30,000. [63] In ITP, severe bleeding is a rare occurrence, and with treatment maternal deaths due to ITP are extremely rare. [63]