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The axillary block is particularly useful in providing anesthesia and postoperative analgesia for surgery to the elbow, forearm, wrist, and hand. The axillary block is also the safest of the four main approaches to the brachial plexus, as it does not risk paresis of the phrenic nerve, nor does it have the potential to cause pneumothorax. [12]
Blood vessel Axillary vein Anterior view of right upper limb and thorax - axillary vein and the distal part of the basilic vein and cephalic vein. Details Drains from Axilla Source Basilic vein, brachial veins, cephalic vein Drains to Subclavian vein Artery Axillary artery Identifiers Latin vena axillaris MeSH D001367 TA98 A12.3.08.005 TA2 4963 FMA 13329 Anatomical terminology [edit on ...
Upper extremity DVT most commonly affects the subclavian, axillary, and jugular veins. [11] The process of fibrinolysis, where DVT clots can be dissolved back into the blood, acts to temper the process of thrombus growth. [105] This is the preferred process.
Deep vein thrombosis (DVT) is the formation of a blood clot within a deep vein. It most commonly affects leg veins, such as the femoral vein. Three factors are important in the formation of a blood clot within a deep vein—these are: the rate of blood flow, the thickness of the blood and; qualities of the vessel wall.
In the legs, bypass grafting is used to treat peripheral vascular disease, acute limb ischemia, aneurysms and trauma.While there are many anatomical arrangements for vascular bypass grafts in the lower extremities depending on the location of the disease, the principle is the same: to restore blood flow to an area without normal flow.
Paget–Schroetter disease (which evolved from a venous thoracic outlet syndrome) is a form of upper extremity deep vein thrombosis (DVT), a medical condition in which blood clots form in the deep veins of the arms. These DVTs typically occur in the axillary and/or subclavian veins. [1]
Improved protocols, including adherence to standardized practice, may also help ameliorate the chance and the effect of complications. [7] For example, limb protection padding and a snug tourniquet application prevents tissue damage, while sufficient but not excessive tourniquet pressure ensures that anesthetics remain within the limb without ...
However, it receives the efferents of all the other axillary glands. The efferent vessels of the subclavicular group unite to form the subclavian trunk, which opens either directly into the junction of the internal jugular and subclavian veins or into the jugular lymphatic trunk; on the left side it may end in the thoracic duct.