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Using Little's Law, one can calculate throughput with the equation: = where: I is the number of units contained within the system, inventory; T is the time it takes for all the inventory to go through the process, flow time; R is the rate at which the process is delivering throughput, flow rate or throughput.
You have a process that is divided into four sub-processes: A, B, C and D. Assume that you have 100 units entering process A. To calculate first time yield (FTY) you would: Calculate the yield (number out of step/number into step) of each step. Multiply these together. For example:
The packet transmission time in seconds can be obtained from the packet size in bit and the bit rate in bit/s as: Packet transmission time = Packet size / Bit rate. Example: Assuming 100 Mbit/s Ethernet, and the maximum packet size of 1526 bytes, results in Maximum packet transmission time = 1526×8 bit / (100 × 10 6 bit/s) ≈ 122 μs
Reasons for measuring throughput in networks. People are often concerned about measuring the maximum data throughput in bits per second of a communications link or network access. A typical method of performing a measurement is to transfer a 'large' file from one system to another system and measure the time required to complete the transfer or ...
Throughput Accounting uses three measures of income and expense: The chart illustrates a typical throughput structure of income (sales) and expenses (TVC and OE). T=Sales less TVC and NP=T less OE. Throughput (T) is the rate at which the system produces "goal units".
It is typically measured at a reference point below the network layer and above the physical layer. The simplest definition is the number of bits per second that are physically delivered. A typical example where this definition is practiced is an Ethernet network. In this case, the maximum throughput is the gross bit rate or raw bit rate.
Throughput of an architecture is the execution rate of a task: = = =, where ρ is the execution density (e.g., the number of stages in an instruction pipeline for a pipelined architecture); A is the execution capacity (e.g., the number of processors for a parallel architecture).
For example, uncompressed songs in CD format have a data rate of 16 bits/channel x 2 channels x 44.1 kHz ≅ 1.4 Mbit/s, whereas AAC files on an iPod are typically compressed to 128 kbit/s, yielding a compression ratio of 10.9, for a data-rate saving of 0.91, or 91%.