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Accounting ethics is primarily a field of applied ethics and is part of business ethics and human ethics, the study of moral values and judgments as they apply to accountancy. It is an example of professional ethics .
The International Ethics Standards Board for Accountants (IESBA) develops and promotes the International Code of Ethics for Professional Accountants (including International Independence Standards). The IESBA also supports debate on issues related to accounting ethics and auditor independence.
The philosophy of accounting is the conceptual framework for the professional preparation and auditing of financial statements and accounts.The issues which arise include the difficulty of establishing a true and fair value of an enterprise and its assets; the moral basis of disclosure and discretion; the standards and laws required to satisfy the political needs of investors, employees and ...
The International Association for Accounting Education & Research (IAAER) was an observer of the board. An IAAER research program funded by the Association of Chartered Certified Accountants (ACCA) creates research reports that inform the IAESB. [2] The IAESB was subject to the oversight of the Public Interest Oversight Board (PIOB). [3]
Joseph Edmund Sterrett outlined the debate and issues in setting up a Code of Professional Conduct in his address to the annual meeting of the American Association of Public Accountants in 1907 [2] The earliest "official" version of the code of professional conduct among American accountants was issued by the American Institute of Accountants on April 9, 1917.
Accountants from these countries who meet the specified criteria may be able to sit for the International Qualification Examination (IQEX) as an alternative to the Uniform CPA Exam. IQEX is also jointly administered by the AICPA and NASBA; however, state boards are not involved at the examination stage (only at licensure).
The Accounting Professional & Ethical Standards Board (APESB) is an independent, national body that sets out the code of ethics and professional standards with which accounting professionals who are members of CPA Australia, Institute of Chartered Accountants or Institute of Public Accountants must comply.
Retainage is a portion of the agreed upon contract price deliberately withheld until the work is complete to assure that contractor or subcontractor will satisfy its ...