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Pepsin is expressed as a zymogen called pepsinogen, whose primary structure has an additional 44 amino acids compared to the active enzyme. In the stomach, gastric chief cells release pepsinogen. This zymogen is activated by hydrochloric acid (HCl), which is released from parietal cells in the stomach lining.
The gastric chief cell (also known as a zymogenic cell or peptic cell) is a cell in the stomach that releases pepsinogen [1] and chymosin.Pepsinogen is activated into the digestive enzyme pepsin when it comes in contact with hydrochloric acid produced by gastric parietal cells. [2]
Enzymes like pepsin are created in the form of pepsinogen, an inactive zymogen. Pepsinogen is activated when chief cells release it into the gastric acid, whose hydrochloric acid partially activates it. [5] Another partially inactivated pepsinogen completes the activation by removing the peptide, turning the pepsinogen into pepsin.
A gastric chief cell, peptic cell, or gastric zymogenic cell is a type of gastric gland cell that releases pepsinogen and gastric lipase.It is the cell responsible for secretion of chymosin (rennin) in ruminant animals and some other animals. [1]
It is produced in the stomach by gastric chief cells in its inactive form pepsinogen, which is a zymogen. Pepsinogen is then activated by the stomach acid into its active form, pepsin. Pepsin breaks down the protein in the food into smaller particles, such as peptide fragments and amino acids.
Gastric chief cells produce pepsinogen, which is activated by the acid to form pepsin. Pepsin is a protease that can digest and damage stomach cells. To prevent these disastrous effects, mucus and bicarbonate ions (HCO 3 −) are secreted by the foveolar cells.
The oxyntic gland contains the parietal cells that produce hydrochloric acid and intrinsic factor, and chief cells that produce pepsinogen and gastric lipase. The pyloric gland is found in the pyloric region, the remaining 20 per cent of the stomach. The pyloric glands are mainly in the pyloric antrum. The pyloric gland secretes gastrin from ...
In mammals, HCl is secreted into the lumen of the proventriculus using parietal cells, while chief cells secrete the pepsinogen into the lumen. [7] In birds, the gastric glands of the proventriculus secrete both the HCl and pepsinogen. [8] Since pepsinogen is a zymogen, it is then activated to pepsin, using