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The inferior alveolar nerve block is probably one of the most common methods used by dentist to anaesthetise the mandibular teeth in adults. This technique aims to inject the needle and deposit local anaesthetic close to the nerve before it enters the mandibular foramen, which locates on the medial aspect of the mandibular ramus.
The root canal filling material (3, 4, and 10) does not extend to the end of the tooth roots (5, 6 and 11). The dark circles at the bottom of the tooth roots (7 and 8) indicated infection in the surrounding bone. Recommended treatment is either to redo the root canal therapy or extract the tooth and place dental implants.
Also if the needle is placed too medially the medial pterygoid muscle can be injected, resulting in trismus. The sphenomandibular ligament may act as a barrier to the agent if the injection is given too shallow and the lingual nerve is only anesthetized. [3] This injection can rarely cause needle tract infections of the pterygomandibular space.
Space creation and maintenance to facilitate space for bone in-growth Stability of the wound to induce blood clot formation and allow uneventful healing After tooth removal, it takes 40 days for the normal healing process to take place (clot formation to socket filled with bone, connective tissue and epithelium).
In Italy evidence dated to the Paleolithic, around 13,000 years ago, points to bitumen used to fill a tooth [2] and in Neolithic Slovenia, 6500 years ago, beeswax was used to close a fracture in a tooth. [3] In Graeco-Roman literature, such as Pliny the Elder's Naturalis Historia (AD 23–79), contains references to filling materials for hollow ...
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Socket preservation or alveolar ridge preservation is a procedure to reduce bone loss after tooth extraction. [1] [2] After tooth extraction, the jaw bone has a natural tendency to become narrow, and lose its original shape because the bone quickly resorbs, resulting in 30–60% loss in bone volume in the first six months. [3]