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  2. Linear density - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linear_density

    Consider a long, thin wire of charge and length .To calculate the average linear charge density, ¯, of this one dimensional object, we can simply divide the total charge, , by the total length, : ¯ = If we describe the wire as having a varying charge (one that varies as a function of position along the length of the wire, ), we can write: = Each infinitesimal unit of charge, , is equal to ...

  3. Charge density - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charge_density

    Linear charge density (λ) is the quantity of charge per unit length, measured in coulombs per meter (C⋅m −1), at any point on a line charge distribution. Charge density can be either positive or negative, since electric charge can be either positive or negative. Like mass density, charge density can vary with

  4. Jefimenko's equations - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jefimenko's_equations

    Heuristically, this can be regarded as nature "attempting" to forecast what the present field would be by linear extrapolation to the present time. [5] The last term, proportional to the second derivative of the unit direction vector e r ′ {\displaystyle e_{r'}} , is sensitive to charge motion perpendicular to the line of sight.

  5. Mathematical descriptions of the electromagnetic field

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mathematical_descriptions...

    Since d 2 = 0, the 3-form J satisfies the conservation of current (continuity equation): = = The current 3-form can be integrated over a 3-dimensional space-time region. The physical interpretation of this integral is the charge in that region if it is spacelike, or the amount of charge that flows through a surface in a certain amount of time ...

  6. Charge density wave - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charge_density_wave

    A charge density wave (CDW) is an ordered quantum fluid of electrons in a linear chain compound or layered crystal. The electrons within a CDW form a standing wave pattern and sometimes collectively carry an electric current.

  7. Lambda - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lambda

    Lambda indicates an eigenvalue in the mathematics of linear algebra. In the physics of particles, lambda indicates the thermal de Broglie wavelength; In the physics of electric fields, lambda sometimes indicates the linear charge density of a uniform line of electric charge (measured in coulombs per meter).

  8. Virgin Australia Airline crew allegedly sexually assaulted ...

    www.aol.com/news/airline-crew-reportedly-virgin...

    Virgin Australia crew members were allegedly sexually assaulted and robbed in one of Fiji's nightclub areas on New Year's Day, the island country's Deputy Prime Minister Viliame Gavoka announced.

  9. Gaussian surface - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gaussian_surface

    an infinite plane of uniform charge; an infinitely long cylinder of uniform charge; As example "field near infinite line charge" is given below; Consider a point P at a distance r from an infinite line charge having charge density (charge per unit length) λ. Imagine a closed surface in the form of cylinder whose axis of rotation is the line ...