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Media bias occurs when journalists and news producers show bias in how they report and cover news. The term "media bias" implies a pervasive or widespread bias contravening of the standards of journalism, rather than the perspective of an individual journalist or article. [1] The direction and degree of media bias in various countries is widely ...
Media bias – bias of journalists and news producers within the mass media in the selection of events and stories that are reported and how they are covered. When this is from being too close to sources it is called access journalism. Public relations (PR) – practice of managing the flow of information between an organization and its publics.
One of the most controversial issues in modern reporting is media bias, particularly with political issues, but also with regard to cultural and other issues. Another is the controversial issue of checkbook journalism , which is the practice of news reporters paying sources for their information.
The fairness doctrine of the United States Federal Communications Commission (FCC), introduced in 1949, was a policy that required the holders of broadcast licenses both to present controversial issues of public importance and to do so in a manner that fairly reflected differing viewpoints. [1]
Advocacy journalism is a genre of journalism that adopts a non-objective viewpoint, usually for some social or political purpose.. Some advocacy journalists reject the idea that the traditional ideal of objectivity is possible or practical, in part due to the perceived influence of corporate sponsors in advertising.
Progressive media watchdog group Fairness and Accuracy in Reporting (FAIR) has argued that accusations of liberal media bias are part of a conservative strategy, noting an article in the August 20, 1992 Washington Post, in which Republican party chair Rich Bond compared journalists to referees in a sporting match. "If you watch any great coach ...
Still, critics note that although government's ability to suppress journalistic speech is heavily limited, the concentration of newspaper (and general media) ownership in the hands of a small number of private business owners leads to other biases in reporting and media self-censorship that benefits the interests of corporations and the government.
Media ethics is the subdivision of applied ethics dealing with the specific ethical principles and standards of media, including broadcast media, film, theatre, the arts, print media and the internet. The field covers many varied and highly controversial topics, ranging from war journalism to Benetton ad campaigns.