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  2. Refuse-derived fuel - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Refuse-derived_fuel

    Refuse-derived fuel (RDF) is a fuel produced from various types of waste such as municipal solid waste (MSW), industrial waste or commercial waste. The World Business Council for Sustainable Development provides a definition:

  3. Modeling and simulation of batch distillation unit - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Modeling_and_simulation_of...

    Equation (i) means that the total amount of vapour generated must be equal to the decrease in the total amount of liquid. Similarly, equation (ii) means that loss in the number of moles of A from the still because of vaporization is the same as the amount of A in the small amount of vapour generated.

  4. Fischer–Tropsch process - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fischer–Tropsch_process

    The Fischer–Tropsch process involves a series of chemical reactions that produce a variety of hydrocarbons, ideally having the formula (C n H 2n+2). The more useful reactions produce alkanes as follows: [7] (2n + 1) H 2 + n CO → C n H 2n+2 + n H 2 O. where n is typically 10–20. The formation of methane (n = 1) is unwanted.

  5. Hicks equation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hicks_equation

    In fluid dynamics, Hicks equation, sometimes also referred as Bragg–Hawthorne equation or Squire–Long equation, is a partial differential equation that describes the distribution of stream function for axisymmetric inviscid fluid, named after William Mitchinson Hicks, who derived it first in 1898.

  6. Gasification - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gasification

    The High Temperature Winkler (HTW), a pressurized circulating fluidized bed gasification process. During the 1990s HTW was tested with a variety of different feedstocks, including low-rank coals and various forms of biomass; wood, refuse derived fuel (RDF) and municipal solid waste (MSW). The last HTW facility closed permanently in 2002.

  7. Bragg–Gray cavity theory - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bragg–Gray_cavity_theory

    Most often, material is assumed to be a gas, however Bragg–Gray cavity theory applies to any cavity volume (gas, liquid, or solid) that meets the following Bragg-Gray conditions. The dimensions of the cavity containing g {\displaystyle g} is small with respect to the range of charged particles striking the cavity so that the cavity does not ...

  8. Viscosity models for mixtures - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Viscosity_models_for_mixtures

    These 3 (vector) equations models flow of water, oil and natural gas in subsurface oil and gas reservoirs in porous rocks. Although the pressures changes are big, the fluid phases will flow slowly through the reservoir due to the flow restriction caused by the porous rock.

  9. Biodiesel production - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biodiesel_production

    If the feedstock oil is used or has a high acid content, acid-catalyzed esterification can be used to react fatty acids with alcohol to produce biodiesel. Other methods, such as fixed-bed reactors, [7] supercritical reactors, and ultrasonic reactors, forgo or decrease the use of chemical reaction that reduces the quality of substance in chemistry.