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Onsite sanitation (or on-site sanitation) is defined as "a sanitation system in which excreta and wastewater are collected and stored or treated on the plot where they are generated". [ 22 ] : 173 Another term that is used for the same system is non-sewered sanitation systems (NSSS), which are prevalent in many countries. [ 39 ]
Waste water reuse is an ancient practice connected to the development of sanitation provision. [9] Reuse of untreated municipal wastewater has been practiced for many centuries with the objective of diverting human waste outside of urban settlements. Likewise, land application of domestic wastewater is an old and common practice, which has gone ...
Sustainable sanitation is a sanitation system designed to meet certain criteria and to work well over the long-term. Sustainable sanitation systems consider the entire "sanitation value chain", from the experience of the user, excreta and wastewater collection methods, transportation or conveyance of waste, treatment, and reuse or disposal. [2]
Hygiene is a practice [3] related to lifestyle, cleanliness, health, and medicine. In medicine and everyday life, hygiene practices are preventive measures that reduce the incidence and spread of germs leading to disease. [4] Hygiene practices vary from one culture to another. [5]
An example of a wastewater treatment system. Sanitary engineering, also known as public health engineering or wastewater engineering, is the application of engineering methods to improve sanitation of human communities, primarily by providing the removal and disposal of human waste, and in addition to the supply of safe potable water.
The practice is common where sanitation infrastructure and services are not available. Even if toilets are available, behavior change efforts may still be needed to promote the use of toilets. 'Open defecation free' (ODF) is a term used to describe communities that have shifted to using toilets instead of open defecation.
CLTS is in principle compatible with a human rights-based approach to sanitation but there are bad practice examples in the name of CLTS. [5] More rigorous coaching of CLTS practitioners, government public health staff, and local leaders on issues such as stigma, awareness of social norms and pre-existing inequalities are important. [5]
A sanitation worker (or sanitary worker) is a person responsible for cleaning, maintaining, ... Basic hygiene practices for workers (handwashing etc.); ...