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Diagnosis of neurogenic claudication is based on typical clinical features, the physical exam, and findings of spinal stenosis on computer tomography (CT) or X-ray imaging. [1] In addition to vascular claudication, diseases affecting the spine and musculoskeletal system should be considered in the differential diagnosis. [9]
Claudication is most common in the calves but it can also affect the feet, thighs, hips, buttocks, or arms. [2] The word claudication comes from Latin claudicare 'to limp'. Claudication that appears after a short amount of walking may sometimes be described by US medical professionals by the number of typical city street blocks that the patient ...
Intermittent claudication is a symptom and is by definition diagnosed by a patient reporting a history of leg pain with walking relieved by rest. However, as other conditions such as sciatica can mimic intermittent claudication, testing is often performed to confirm the diagnosis of peripheral artery disease. [citation needed]
Critical limb ischemia is diagnosed by the presence of ischemic rest pain, and an ulcers that will not heal or gangrene due to insufficient blood flow. [3] Insufficient blood flow may be confirmed by ankle-brachial index (ABI), ankle pressure, toe-brachial index (TBI), toe systolic pressure, transcutaneous oxygen measurement (TcpO2 ), or skin perfusion pressure (SPP).
This results in claudication and chronic leg ischemia. This condition mainly occurs more in young athletes than in the elderlies. [2] Elderlies, who present with similar symptoms, are more likely to be diagnosed with peripheral artery disease with associated atherosclerosis. [2]
The most common symptoms of the disease "are balance and walking difficulties, clumsiness, vision changes, speech difficulties, ... "but poor sensation in the feet, inner-ear problems or vision ...
Mulder's sign is a physical exam finding associated with Morton's neuroma, which may be elicited while the patient is in the supine position on the examination table. The pain of the neuroma, as well as a click, can be produced by squeezing the two metatarsal heads together with one hand, while concomitantly putting pressure on the interdigital space with the other hand.
Medical conditions associated with leg cramps are cardiovascular disease, hemodialysis, cirrhosis, pregnancy, and lumbar canal stenosis. Differential diagnoses include restless legs syndrome, claudication, myositis, and peripheral neuropathy. All of them can be differentiated through careful history and physical examination. [17]