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It is a holdover from when spirits, wines and brandies, ale, and beer all had different standard measures of capacity. An Ale Gill (based on the Ale gallon) and a Beer Gill (based on the Beer gallon) were different sizes until standardized as Ale / Beer gallons in 1688, Beer gallons in 1803, and Imperial gallons in 1824. Half (imp.) 284 mL: 9.6 ...
The tun (Old English: tunne, Latin: tunellus, Medieval Latin: tunna) is an English unit of liquid volume (not weight), used for measuring wine, [1] oil or honey. Typically a large vat or vessel, most often holding 252 wine gallons, but occasionally other sizes (e.g. 256, 240 and 208 gallons) were also used. [2] The modern tun is about 954 litres.
As with the hogshead the ale barrel underwent various redefinitions. Initially 32 ale or beer gallons (147.9 L), it was redefined in 1688 as 34 ale or beer gallons (157.1 L) and again in 1803 as 36 ale or beer gallons (166.4 L). barrel (Beer) The beer barrel was defined as 36 ale or beer gallons until the adoption of the imperial system.
A hogshead of brandy was approximately equal to 56–61 gallons (0.255–0.277 m 3). [citation needed] Eventually, a hogshead of wine came to be 63 US gallons (52.5 imp gal; 238.5 L), while a hogshead of beer or ale is 54 gallons (250 L if old beer/ale gallons, 245 L if imperial).
[nb 3] The Queen Anne wine gallon of 231 cubic inches was adopted in 1707 and still serves as the definition of the US gallon. A US tun is then the volume or of a rectangular cuboid with dimensions 36 by 38.5 by 42 inches. When the imperial system was introduced the tun was redefined in the UK and colonies as 210 imperial gallons.
Wine was measured with units based on the wine gallon of 231 cubic inches (3.785 L), beer was measured with units based on an ale gallon of 282 cubic inches (4.621 L) and grain was measured with the Winchester measure with a gallon of approximately 268.8 cubic inches (one eighth of a Winchester bushel or 4.405 L). In 1824, these units were ...
A butt approximately equated to 108 imperial gallons (130 US gallons; 491 litres) for ale or 126 imperial gallons (151 US gallons; 573 litres) for wine (also known as a pipe), although the Oxford English Dictionary notes that "these standards were not always precisely adhered to".
For example, in the UK and Ireland, a barrel of beer refers to a quantity of 36 imperial gallons (160 L; 43 US gal), and is distinguished from other unit measurements, such as firkins, hogsheads, and kilderkins. [7] Wine was shipped in barrels of 119 litres (31 US gal; 26 imp gal).