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A computer punched card reader or just computer card reader is a computer input device used to read computer programs in either source or executable form and data from punched cards. A computer card punch is a computer output device that punches holes in cards. Sometimes computer punch card readers were combined with computer card punches and ...
Computer punched card reader—a computer input device used to read executable computer programs and data from punched cards under computer control. Card readers, found in early computers, could read up to 100 cards per minute, while traditional "high-speed" card readers could read about 1,000 cards per minute. [90] Computer card punch—a ...
A single program deck, with individual subroutines marked. The markings show the effects of editing, as cards are replaced or reordered. Many early programming languages, including FORTRAN, COBOL and the various IBM assembler languages, used only the first 72 columns of a card – a tradition that traces back to the IBM 711 card reader used on the IBM 704/709/7090/7094 series (especially the ...
A speaker connected to a smartphone. A speaker is an output device that produces sound through an oscillating transducer called a driver. The equivalent input device is a microphone. Speakers are plugged into a computer's sound card via a myriad of interfaces, such as a phone connector for analog audio, or SPDIF for digital audio.
Sega Mega Drive/Genesis console (later models), FM Towns computer, Sega arcade systems: Improved Yamaha YM2612, PCM supported on one of the channels, silicon-gate CMOS LSI chip Yamaha YMF262 (a.k.a. OPL3) 1990 [75] 36 18 4 Sound Blaster Pro 2.0 and later cards for PC (including Sound Blaster 16, AdLib Gold 1000 and AWE32) Silicon-gate CMOS chip ...
Computer speakers, or multimedia speakers, are speakers sold for use with computers, although usually capable of other audio uses, e.g. for an MP3 player. Most such speakers have an internal amplifier and consequently require a power source, which may be by a mains power supply often via an AC adapter , batteries, or a USB port.
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Site for old PC without sound cards. Programming the PC Speaker, by Mark Feldman for PC-GPE. Programming the PC Speaker, by Phil Inch: part 1, part 2 (includes a very detailed explanation of how to play back PCM audio on the PC speaker, and why it works) Bleeper Music Maker A freeware to use the PC speaker to make music (superseded by BaWaMI ...