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Ilex (/ ˈ aɪ l ɛ k s /) or holly [3] is a genus of over 570 species of flowering plants in the family Aquifoliaceae, and the only living genus in that family. [4] Ilex has the most species of any woody dioecious angiosperm genus. [5] The species are evergreen or deciduous trees, shrubs, and
Ilex aquifolium, the holly, common holly, English holly, European holly, or occasionally Christmas holly, is a species of flowering plant in the family Aquifoliaceae, native to western and southern Europe, northwest Africa, and southwest Asia.
The following species and natural hybrids in the flowering plant genus Ilex, the hollies, are accepted by Plants of the World Online. [1] Ilex has the most species of any woody dioecious angiosperm genus.
Aquifoliaceae: holly family; Ilex: holly trees; Ilex ambigua: Carolina holly Aquifoliaceae (holly family) Ilex amelanchier: serviceberry holly; sarvis holly Aquifoliaceae (holly family) Ilex aquifolium: European holly Aquifoliaceae (holly family) Ilex cassine: dahoon Aquifoliaceae (holly family) Ilex coriacea: sweet gallberry; large gallberry holly
The flowers are 5–5.5 mm diameter, with a white four-lobed corolla. The fruit is a small round, shiny, and red (occasionally yellow) drupe 4–6 mm diameter containing four pits, which are dispersed by birds eating the fruit. The species may be distinguished from the similar Ilex cassine by its smaller leaves with a rounded, not acute apex.
Ilex verticillata is a shrub growing to 1–5 m (3–16 ft) tall. It is one of a number of hollies which are deciduous, losing their leaves in the fall.In wet sites, it will spread to form a dense thicket, while in dry soil it remains a tight shrub.
The leaves of both species are similar in outline and toothed and bristled very much the same way, but the leaves are brighter in the American holly and larger. [citation needed] The American holly, called the evergreen or Christmas holly (Ilex opaca Aiton) was named the state tree of Delaware on 1 May 1939. [19]
Hen plant – Plantago major; Herb barbara – Barbarea vulgaris; Hogweed – Ambrosia artemisiifolia; Holly – Ilex spp. Deciduous holly – Ilex decidua, Ilex verticillata; European holly – Ilex aquifolium; Inkberry holly – Ilex glabra; Meadow holly – Ilex decidua; Swamp holly – Ilex decidua; Winterberry holly – Ilex verticillata