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3D printing filament is the thermoplastic feedstock for fused deposition modeling 3D printers. There are many types of filament available with different properties. [1] Filament comes in a range of diameters, most commonly 1.75 mm and 2.85 mm, [2] with the latter often being confused with the less common 3 mm. [3]
Repeating unit of polyphthalamide. Polyphthalamide (aka.PPA, [1] High Performance Polyamide) is a subset of thermoplastic synthetic resins in the polyamide family defined as when 55% or more moles of the carboxylic acid portion of the repeating unit in the polymer chain is composed of a combination of terephthalic (TPA) and isophthalic (IPA) acids. [2]
Many polycarbonate grades are used in medical applications and comply with both ISO 10993-1 and USP Class VI standards (occasionally referred to as PC-ISO). Class VI is the most stringent of the six USP ratings. These grades can be sterilized using steam at 120 °C, gamma radiation, or by the ethylene oxide (EtO) method. [20]
Synthetic polyamides are commonly used in textiles, automotive industry, carpets, kitchen utensils and sportswear due to their high durability and strength. The transportation manufacturing industry is the major consumer, accounting for 35% of polyamide (PA) consumption. [2]
Computer-aided design (CAD) model used for 3D printing. The manual modeling process of preparing geometric data for 3D computer graphics is similar to plastic arts such as sculpting. 3D scanning is a process of collecting digital data on the shape and appearance of a real object, creating a digital model based on it.
ASA/PC (polycarbonate) blends have been prepared and are commercially available. [ 12 ] [ 13 ] In the Fused Filament Fabrication 3-D printing process, the ASA filament is used to fabricate 3-D printed parts, which above all must absorb a certain amount of impact and impact energy without breaking. [ 14 ]
Nylon 46 (nylon 4-6, nylon 4/6 or nylon 4,6, PA46, Polyamide 46) is a high heat resistant polyamide or nylon. Envalior (formerly DSM) is the only commercial supplier of this resin, which markets under the trade name Stanyl.
Polyacrylic acid is a weak anionic polyelectrolyte, whose degree of ionisation is dependent on solution pH. In its non-ionised form at low pHs, PAA may associate with various non-ionic polymers (such as polyethylene oxide, poly-N-vinyl pyrrolidone, polyacrylamide, and some cellulose ethers) and form hydrogen-bonded interpolymer complexes. [17]