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The most common cause of myocardial rupture is a recent myocardial infarction, with the rupture typically occurring three to five days after infarction. [3] Other causes of rupture include cardiac trauma, endocarditis (infection of the heart), [4] [5] cardiac tumors, infiltrative diseases of the heart, [4] and aortic dissection. [citation needed]
Myocardial infarction complications may occur immediately following a myocardial infarction (heart attack) (in the acute phase), or may need time to develop (a chronic problem). After an infarction, an obvious complication is a second infarction, which may occur in the domain of another atherosclerotic coronary artery, or in the same zone if ...
A blunt cardiac injury is an injury to the heart as the result of blunt trauma, typically to the anterior chest wall.It can result in a variety of specific injuries to the heart, the most common of which is a myocardial contusion, which is a term for a bruise (contusion) to the heart after an injury. [1]
Levine's sign is a clenched fist held over the chest to describe ischemic chest pain. [1]It is named for Samuel A. Levine (1891–1966), an influential American cardiologist, who first observed that many patients with chest pain made this same sign to describe their symptoms.
Chest pain is one of the most common symptoms of acute myocardial infarction and is often described as a sensation of tightness, pressure, or squeezing. Pain radiates most often to the left arm, but may also radiate to the lower jaw, neck, right arm, back, and upper abdomen .
This may include the neck, left or right arms, cervical spine, back, and upper abdomen. [9] Other associated symptoms with chest pain can include nausea, vomiting, dizziness, shortness of breath, anxiety, and sweating. [8] [1] The type, severity, duration, and associated symptoms of chest pain can help guide diagnosis and further treatment.
A key symptom of coronary ischemia is chest pain or pressure, known as angina pectoris. [4] Angina may present typically with classic symptoms or atypically with symptoms less often associated with heart disease. [19] Atypical presentations are more common in women, diabetics, and elderly individuals. [8] Angina may be stable or unstable.
Hemopericardium has been reported to result from various afflictions including chest trauma, free wall rupture after a myocardial infarction, bleeding into the pericardial sac following a type A aortic dissection, and as a complication of invasive cardiac procedures. [6] Acute leukemia has also been reported as a cause of the condition. [7]