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Unlike other state constitutions, the California Constitution strongly protects the corporate existence of cities and counties and grants them broad plenary home rule powers. [14] The constitution gives charter cities, in particular, supreme authority over municipal affairs, even allowing such cities' local laws to trump state law. [15]
The foremost source of state law is the Constitution of California, which like other state constitutions derives its power and legitimacy from the sovereignty of the people. The California Constitution in turn is subordinate to the Constitution of the United States, which is the supreme law of the land.
State constitutions are all longer than 8,000 words because they are more detailed regarding the day-to-day relationships between government and the people. The shortest is the Constitution of Vermont , adopted in 1793 and currently 8,295 words long.
Colton Hall in Monterey, site of the 1849 Constitutional Convention. The Monterey Convention of 1849 was the first California Constitutional Convention to take place. [1] [8] [9] Bvt. Brig. Gen. Bennett C. Riley, ex officio Governor of California, issued a proclamation on June 3, 1849 calling for a convention and a special election on August 1 where delegates to the convention would be elected.
State Notes Alabama The Alabama State Senate allows a filibuster, and has a general three-fifths requirement to enact cloture. A simple majority of 18 is acceptable when dealing with the budget and redistricting. [6] Arkansas Arkansas, along with Rhode Island, is one of the only states that requires a supermajority to pass a budget.
The speaker of the California State Assembly presides over the State Assembly. The lieutenant governor is the ex officio president of the Senate and may break a tied vote, and the president pro tempore of the California State Senate is elected by the majority party caucus. The Legislature meets in the California State Capitol in Sacramento.
These individuals (in the case of the Board of Equalization, its members) are specifically denominated by article V, section 14 and article III, section 8, of the Constitution as 'state officers', are generally elected, are restricted from receiving money from certain sources and have their salaries determined by the California Citizen's Compensation Commission.
The law of most of the states is based on the common law of England; the notable exception is Louisiana, whose civil law is largely based upon French and Spanish law.The passage of time has led to state courts and legislatures expanding, overruling, or modifying the common law; as a result, the laws of any given state invariably differ from the laws of its sister states.