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Under this scenario, dark energy would ultimately tear apart all gravitationally bound structures, including galaxies and solar systems, and eventually overcome the electrical and nuclear forces to tear apart atoms themselves, ending the universe in a "Big Rip". On the other hand, dark energy might dissipate with time or even become attractive.
The measured dark energy density is Ω Λ ≈ 0.690; the observed ordinary (baryonic) matter energy density is Ω b ≈ 0.0482 and the energy density of radiation is negligible. This leaves a missing Ω dm ≈ 0.258 which nonetheless behaves like matter (see technical definition section above) – dark matter.
One proposed model of dark energy has been named "quintessence" by its proponents, in honor of the classical element. [21] This idea relates to the hypothetical form of dark energy postulated as an explanation of observations of an accelerating universe. It has also been called a fifth fundamental force.
Studies with quintessence dark energy found that it dominates gravitational collapse in a spacetime simulation, based on the holographic thermalization. These results show that the smaller the state parameter of quintessence is, the harder it is for the plasma to thermalize.
Microwave light seen by Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe (WMAP) suggests that only about 4.6% of that part of the universe within range of the best telescopes (that is, matter that may be visible because light could reach us from it) is made of baryonic matter. About 26.8% is dark matter, and about 68.3% is dark energy. [38]
In Daoist philosophy, dark and light, yin and yang, arrive in the Tao Te Ching at chapter 42. [27] It becomes sensible from an initial quiescence or emptiness ( wuji , sometimes symbolized by an empty circle), and continues moving until quiescence is reached again.
It has also been suggested that light dark matter may explain a small discrepancy in the measured value of the fine structure constant in different experiments. [8] Furthermore, the lack of dark matter signals in higher energy ranges in direct detection experiments incentivizes sub-GeV searches.
In April 2023, a study investigated four extremely redshifted objects discovered by the James Webb Space Telescope. [5] Their study suggested that three of these four, namely JADES-GS-z13-0, JADES-GS-z12-0, and JADES-GS-z11-0, are consistent with being point sources, and further suggested that the only point sources which could exist in this time and be bright enough to be observed at these ...