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A wildcard mask can be thought of as an inverted subnet mask. For example, a subnet mask of 255.255.255.0 ( 11111111.11111111.11111111.00000000 2 ) inverts to a wildcard mask of 0.0.0.255 ( 00000000.00000000.00000000.11111111 2 ).
CIDR notation can even be used with no IP address at all, e.g. when referring to a / 24 as a generic description of an IPv4 network that has a 24-bit prefix and 8-bit host numbers. For example: 198.51.100.14 / 24 represents the IPv4 address 198.51.100.14 and its associated network prefix 198.51.100.0 , or equivalently, its subnet mask 255.255 ...
Subnet masks are also expressed in dot-decimal notation like an IP address. For example, the prefix 198.51.100.0 / 24 would have the subnet mask 255.255.255.0. Traffic is exchanged between subnets through routers when the routing prefixes of the source address and the destination address differ. A router serves as a logical or physical boundary ...
RFC 1918 name IP address range Number of addresses Largest CIDR block (subnet mask) Host ID size Mask bits Classful description [Note 1]; 24-bit block: 10.0.0.0 – 10.255.255.255: 16 777 216
Subnet Used for link-local addresses [5] between two hosts on a single link when no IP address is otherwise specified, such as would have normally been retrieved from a DHCP server 172.16.0.0/12 172.16.0.0–172.31.255.255 1 048 576: Private network Used for local communications within a private network [3] 192.0.0.0/24 192.0.0.0–192.0.0.255 256
An example of route aggregation as a part of CIDR. A supernetwork, or supernet, is an Internet Protocol (IP) network that is formed by aggregation of multiple networks (or subnets) into a larger network.
As shown in the example below, in order to calculate the directed broadcast address to transmit a packet to an entire IPv4 subnet using the private IP address space 172.16.0.0 / 12, which has the subnet mask 255.240.0.0, the broadcast address is calculated as 172.16.0.0 bitwise ORed with 0.15.255.255 = 172.31.255.255. Directed broadcasts always ...
In this case, the longest prefix of the candidate routes is 192.168.20.16/28, since its subnet mask (/28) is longer than the other entry's mask (/16), making the route more specific. Forwarding tables often contain a default route , which has the shortest possible prefix match, to fall back on in case matches with all other entries fail.