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  2. Similarity (psychology) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Similarity_(psychology)

    Similarity is closely related to Bryne's social psychology model of interpersonal attraction (1961) which is determined by four variables: propinquity (how our environment and situation play a role in determining how often and to what degree we come in contact), need for affiliation, overt stimulus characteristics (refers to the observable ...

  3. Principles of grouping - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Principles_of_grouping

    Law of Similarity The principle of similarity states that perception lends itself to seeing stimuli that physically resemble each other as part of the same object. This allows for people to distinguish between adjacent and overlapping objects based on their visual texture and resemblance.

  4. Laws of association - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laws_of_Association

    Laws of association in Aristotle's psychology. Impressions are stored in the seat of perception, linked by the laws of similarity, contrast, and contiguity.. In psychology, the principal laws of association are contiguity, repetition, attention, pleasure-pain, and similarity.

  5. Gestalt psychology - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gestalt_psychology

    The law of similarity states that elements within an assortment of objects are perceptually grouped together if they are similar to each other. This similarity can occur in the form of shape, colour, shading or other qualities. For example, the figure illustrating the law of similarity portrays 36 circles all equal distance apart from one ...

  6. Association of ideas - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Association_of_Ideas

    Proceeding to the Law of Similarity (which in Mill's view is at the back of association by contiguity), and having made a similar criticism of its phrasing, Bradley maintains that it involves an even greater absurdity; if two ideas are to be recognized as similar, they must both be present in the mind; if one is to call up the other, one must ...

  7. Reciprocity (social psychology) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/.../Reciprocity_(social_psychology)

    A news article summarizing similar research studies suggests that negative reciprocity might exist in order to restore or build a cooperative relationship. [44] They stated that the strategy treats balance as a goal, especially because it involves a relatively proportional response to harm. [44] A white man and a black man shaking hands.

  8. Representativeness heuristic - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Representativeness_heuristic

    The nine fields given were business administration, computer science, engineering, humanities and education, law, library science, medicine, physical and life sciences, and social science and social work. [10] "Similarity group", who were given a personality sketch. "Tom W. is of high intelligence, although lacking in true creativity.

  9. Proximity principle - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proximity_principle

    Within the realm of social psychology, the proximity principle accounts for the tendency for individuals to form interpersonal relations with those who are close by. Theodore Newcomb first documented this effect through his study of the acquaintance process, which demonstrated how people who interact and live close to each other will be more ...