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Bromomethane, commonly known as methyl bromide, is an organobromine compound with formula C H 3 Br. This colorless, odorless, nonflammable gas is produced both industrially and biologically. This colorless, odorless, nonflammable gas is produced both industrially and biologically.
Paul Sabatier (1854-1941) winner of the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1912 and discoverer of the reaction in 1897. The Sabatier reaction or Sabatier process produces methane and water from a reaction of hydrogen with carbon dioxide at elevated temperatures (optimally 300–400 °C) and pressures (perhaps 3 MPa [1]) in the presence of a nickel catalyst.
Bromoform was discovered in 1832 by Löwig who distilled a mixture of bromal and potassium hydroxide, as analogous to preparation of chloroform from chloral. [5]Bromoform can be prepared by the haloform reaction using acetone and sodium hypobromite, by the electrolysis of potassium bromide in ethanol, or by treating chloroform with aluminium bromide.
Bromodichloromethane is a trihalomethane with formula C H Br Cl 2.It is a colorless, nonflammable liquid which will dissolve in water, or evaporate in air. [1] Most of the chemical is produced through the chlorine disinfection process, [1] and as a result it can occur in municipally-treated drinking water. [2]
CBr 4 can be obtained by the bromination of methane. The byproducts include other brominated methanes (methyl bromide, dibromomethane and bromoform) and hydrogen bromide. This process is analogous to the chlorination of methane: Br 2 + hν → 2 Br·; Br· + CH 4 → ·CH 3 + HBr. ·CH 3 + Br 2 → CH 3 Br + Br·. CH 3 Br + Br· → ·CH 2 Br ...
In one study of the feces of nine adults, five of the samples contained archaea capable of producing methane. [13] Similar results are found in samples of gas obtained from within the rectum. Even among humans whose flatus does contain methane, the amount is in the range of 10% or less of the total amount of gas. [14]
The process involves non-microbial methane generation from terrestrial plant-matter. Temperature and ultraviolet light are thought to be key factors in this process. [1] Methane may also be produced under aerobic conditions in near-surface ocean water, a process which likely involves the degradation of methylphosphonate. [9]
Examination of the above equation reveals that methane will always be the largest single product so long as α is less than 0.5; however, by increasing α close to one, the total amount of methane formed can be minimized compared to the sum of all of the various long-chained products. Increasing α increases the formation of long-chained ...