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Peptic ulcer disease is when the inner part of the stomach's gastric mucosa (lining of the stomach), the first part of the small intestine, or sometimes the lower esophagus, gets damaged. An ulcer in the stomach is called a gastric ulcer , while one in the first part of the intestines is a duodenal ulcer . [ 1 ]
Complications of an ulcer can cause severe signs and symptoms such as black or tarry stool indicative of bleeding into the stomach or duodenum; blood - either red or coffee-ground colored in vomit; persistent sharp or severe abdominal pain; dizziness, and a fast heartbeat. [67] [68] Bleeding is the most common complication.
Gastric erosion occurs when the mucous membrane lining the stomach becomes inflamed. Specifically, the term "erosion" in this context means damage that is limited to the mucosa, which consists of three distinct layers: the epithelium (in the case of a healthy stomach, this is non-ciliated simple columnar epithelium), the basement membrane, and the lamina propria.
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The ulcer is known initially as a peptic ulcer before the ulcer burns through the full thickness of the stomach or duodenal wall. A diagnosis is made by taking an erect abdominal/chest X-ray (seeking air under the diaphragm). This is in fact one of the very few occasions in modern times where surgery is undertaken to treat an ulcer. [3]
Pain is associated with stomach ulcers. [3] 1799 Matthew Baillie publishes a description of ulcers. [2] François-Joseph-Victor Broussais 1812 Broussais discovers that if acute gastritis is untreated, it can become chronic. [1] 1821 Nepveu argues for a relationship between gastritis and gastric cancer. [1] 1822
Occasionally the hole can be sewn closed while other times a bowel resection is required. [2] Even with maximum treatment the risk of death can be as high as 50%. [2] A hole from a stomach ulcer occurs in about 1 per 10,000 people per year, while one from diverticulitis occurs in about 0.4 per 10,000 people per year. [1] [4]
The test can help confirm a diagnosis of dumping syndrome. The health care provider may also examine the structure of the esophagus, stomach, and upper small intestine with the following tests: [1] An upper GI endoscopy to see the upper GI tract. A gastroenterologist carefully feeds the endoscope down the esophagus and into the stomach and ...