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Institutions, called (Per Ankh) [34] or Houses of Life, are known to have been established in ancient Egypt since the 1st Dynasty and may have had medical functions, being at times associated in inscriptions with physicians, such as Peftauawyneit and Wedjahorresnet living in the middle of the 1st millennium BC. [35]
Egyptian medical papyri are ancient Egyptian texts written on papyrus which permit a glimpse at medical procedures and practices in ancient Egypt. These papyri give details on disease, diagnosis , and remedies of disease, which include herbal remedies , surgery, and magical incantations .
Founded at Caesarea in Cappadocia an institution (hospital) called Basileias, with several buildings for patients, nurses, physicians, workshops, and schools. [1] Aemilia Hilaria: 4th century CE: Roman: female physician. Wrote books on gynecology and obstetrics. Aeschrion of Pergamon: 2nd century CE: Greek: pharmaceutist Agathinus: 1st century ...
3300 BC – During the Stone Age, early doctors used very primitive forms of herbal medicine in India. [1] 3000 BC – Ayurveda The origins of Ayurveda have been traced back to around 3,000 BCE. [2] c. 2600 BC – Imhotep the priest-physician who was later deified as the Egyptian god of medicine. [3] [4]
The Hearst Papyrus, also called the Hearst Medical Papyrus, [1] is one of the medical papyri of ancient Egypt.It was named after Phoebe Hearst. [2] The papyrus contains 18 pages of medical prescriptions written in hieratic Egyptian writing, concentrating on treatments for problems dealing with the urinary system, blood, hair, and bites. [2]
The Ebers Papyrus, also known as Papyrus Ebers, is an Egyptian medical papyrus of herbal knowledge dating to c. 1550 BC (the late Second Intermediate Period or early New Kingdom). Among the oldest and most important medical papyri of Ancient Egypt, it was purchased at Luxor in the winter of 1873–1874 by the German Egyptologist Georg Ebers.
The Papyrus Ebers from ancient Egypt, written around 1500 BC, contain a collection of more than 800 prescriptions. It lists over 700 different drugs. [15] [16] In ancient India, the Sushruta Samhita, a compendium on the practice of medicine and medical formulations, has been traced back to the 1st century BC. [17]
The ancient Greeks appreciated Egypt and saw in it a mysterious land, fertile with hidden wisdom. At one point, they united all the different medical doctrines originating in the East and in Alexandria (which increasingly resembled a cosmopolitan city) in Egypt, and merged it into one universal critical mass of knowledge.