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The human male urethra laid open on its anterior (upper) surface. In the human male, the urethra is on average 18 to 20 centimeters (7 to 8 inches) long and opens at the end of the external urethral meatus. [10] The urethra is divided into four parts in men, named after the location: [10]
The distal section of the urethra allows a human male to direct the stream of urine by holding the penis. This flexibility allows the male to choose the posture in which to urinate. In cultures where more than a minimum of clothing is worn, the penis allows the male to urinate while standing without removing much of the clothing.
Inside the penis is the urethra, which is used to ejaculate semen and to excrete urine. Both substances exit through the meatus. When a male becomes sexually aroused, erection occurs because sinuses within the erectile tissues of the penis (corpora cavernosa and corpus spongiosum) become filled with blood.
The female or male external sphincter muscle of urethra (sphincter urethrae): located in the deep perineal pouch, at the bladder's distal inferior end in females, and inferior to the prostate (at the level of the membranous urethra) in males. It is a secondary sphincter to control the flow of urine through the urethra.
The male external genitalia include the penis and the scrotum. The female external genitalia include the clitoris , the labia , and the vestibule , which are collectively called the vulva . External genitalia vary widely in external appearance among different people.
The urethra of an adult human female is 3-4 cm long. [4] The female urethra is located between the bladder neck to the external urethral orifice and is behind the symphysis pubis. [4] The urethral wall is composed of an inner epithelial lining, a sub-mucosa layer containing vascular supply, a thin fascial layer, and two layers of smooth muscle. [4]
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The urethral crest is an anatomical feature present in the urinary system of both males and females. In males, the urethral crest is known as the crista urethralis masculinae , or the crista phallica , and is a longitudinal fold on the posterior wall of the urethra extending from the uvula of the bladder through the prostatic urethra . [ 1 ]