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A review in 2003 came to the conclusion that pelvimetry does not change the management of pregnant women, and recommended that all women should be allowed a trial of labor regardless of pelvimetry results. [2] It considered routine performance of pelvimetry to be a waste of time, a potential liability, and an unnecessary discomfort. [2]
The pelvic exam during pregnancy is similar to the exam for non-pregnant women; however, more attention is given to the uterus and cervix. The size of the uterus is assessed at the initial visit, and the growth of the uterus is assessed at subsequent visits. In the first trimester the uterine size can be assessed on bimanual examination.
The BRI models the human body shape as an ellipse (an oval), with the intent to relate body girth with height to determine body roundness. A simple tape measure suffices to obtain waist circumference and height. [1] [2] Waist circumference and height can be in any unit of length, as long as they both use the same one. [1] [3
Fundal height, or McDonald's rule, is a measure of the size of the uterus used to assess fetal growth and development during pregnancy. It is measured from the top of the mother's uterus to the top of the mother's pubic symphysis.
Leopold maneuvers are difficult to perform on obese women and women who have polyhydramnios. The palpation can sometimes be uncomfortable for the woman if care is not taken to ensure she is relaxed and adequately positioned. To aid in this, the health care provider should first ensure that the woman has recently emptied her bladder.
In women, the rectouterine pouch is the deepest point of the peritoneal cavity. It is posterior to the uterus, and anterior to the rectum. [2] Its anterior boundary is formed by the posterior fornix of the vagina. [1] The pouch on the other side of the uterus near to the anterior fornix is the vesicouterine pouch.
Montevideo units are a method of measuring uterine performance during labor. They were created in 1949 by two physicians, Roberto Caldeyro-Barcia and Hermogenes Alvarez, from Montevideo, Uruguay. They are exactly equal to 1 mmHg within 10 minutes.
Measuring the anogenital distance in neonatal humans has been suggested as a noninvasive method to determine male feminisation and female virilization and thereby predict neonatal and adult reproductive disorders. [7] A study by Swan et al. determined that the AGD is linked to fertility in males, and penis size. [3]