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Aspergillus oryzae is a mold used in East Asia to saccharify rice, sweet potato, and barley in the making of alcoholic beverages such as sake and shōchū, and also to ferment soybeans for making soy sauce and miso. It is one of the different koji molds ニホンコウジカビ (日本麹黴) (Japanese: nihon kōji kabi) used for food fermentation.
Kōji (ニホンコウジカビ, 日本麹黴, ‘nihon kōji kabi’) refers to various molds of the genus Aspergillus sp., which are traditionally used in East Asian cuisine for the fermentation of food. In Japanese, kōji refers to both the Aspergillus starter culture and mixtures of Aspergillus with wheat and soybean meal.
Red yeast rice or red rice koji is a bright reddish purple fermented rice, which acquires its color from being cultivated with the mold Monascus purpureus. Red yeast rice is what is referred to as a kōji in Japanese , meaning "grain or bean overgrown with a mold culture", a food preparation tradition going back to ca. 300 BC.
Food mold comes in many different colors and textures. On bread, it may look like green or black spots, says Wee, whereas berries often grow a white cotton-like fuzz, and mold on citrus fruits ...
Paraffin wax (or petroleum wax) is a soft colorless solid derived from petroleum, coal, or oil shale that consists of a mixture of hydrocarbon molecules containing between 20 and 40 carbon atoms. It is solid at room temperature and begins to melt above approximately 37 °C (99 °F), [ 2 ] and its boiling point is above 370 °C (698 °F). [ 2 ]
In contrast, red koji mold is a species classified as Monascus, and is used in Chinese and Taiwanese fermented bean curd. Some red koji molds produce a mycotoxin called citrinin , which is known to cause kidney disease, but the product uses red koji mold that does not have the gene to synthesize citrinin, and in fact no citrinin was detected.
When fake food is made using a mold, the mold is created by dipping real food into silicone. A liquid plastic, typically polyvinyl chloride, is chosen in a color that matches the food, before being poured into the mold and heated in an oven until it solidifies. [2] (When a food sample is not available or would disintegrate or melt in the mold ...
The wax encaustic painting technique was described by the Roman scholar Pliny the Elder in his Natural History from the 1st Century AD. [5] The oldest surviving encaustic panel paintings are the Romano-Egyptian Fayum mummy portraits from Egypt , around 100–300 AD, [ 6 ] but it was a very common technique in ancient Greek and Roman painting.