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A short made-up speech concerning important issues. Three topics are drawn and one is chosen. Original Oratory. A speech created by the speaker. Reviewing. A general review of a book, movie, album, video game, or other published material or product. Storytelling. Speaker tells a short story, memorized.
Traditionally, rebuttals were half the length of constructive speeches, 8–4 min in high school and 10–5 min in college. The now-prevailing speech time of 8–5 min in high school and 9-5 in college was introduced in the 1990s. Some states, such as Missouri, Massachusetts and Colorado, still use the 8–4 min format at the high school level.
World Schools Style debates include an additional speech from each team, called the reply speech. This is a short, four-minute speech given by either the first or second speaker from the team, and presented in the opposite speaking order to the rest of the debate (i.e. the Opposition delivers the first reply speech, followed by the Proposition).
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The Affirmative addresses both their opponent's case and their own. This speech is considered by many debaters to be the most difficult speech, as debaters must use 4 minutes to respond to a 7-minute speech, whereas the Negative has 6 minutes to respond to the 1AR of only 4 minutes. Preparation time - negative The balance of Negative's prep time
Because materials that are not in the BLUF format—such as academic texts—may contain paragraphs with several important ideas located at the beginning, middle, or end, readers who skim these publications may inadvertently miss important information. [40] The BLUF approach to sales talk, for example, is also called the elevator speech. It ...
In political science, the Copenhagen School adopts speech act as a form of felicitous speech act (or simply 'facilitating conditions'), whereby the speaker, often politicians or players, act in accordance to the truth but in preparation for the audience to take action in the directions of the player that are driven or incited by the act.
A lowercase letter may be suffixed to the year to disambiguate {} links to multiple works by the same author in the same year, unless the date is formatted as YYYY-MM-DD. In the latter case, year or ref is required to disambiguate the link targets. For approximate year, precede with "c. ", like this: |date=c. 1900.