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  2. Coronary CT calcium scan - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coronary_CT_calcium_scan

    A coronary CT calcium scan is a computed tomography (CT) scan of the heart for the assessment of severity of coronary artery disease. Specifically, it looks for calcium deposits in atherosclerotic plaques in the coronary arteries that can narrow arteries and increase the risk of heart attack. [1] These plaques are the cause of most heart ...

  3. Bowditch effect - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bowditch_effect

    Positive Bowditch effect causes an increase in cardiac output due to the increased force of contraction of heart muscles. [7]This phenomenon is usually absent or even reversed (negative Bowditch effect) in heart failure and other diseases of heart, such as cardiomyopathy and coronary artery disease.

  4. Stone heart syndrome - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stone_heart_syndrome

    In Stone Heart Syndrome, this delicate balance is disrupted. The excessive influx or release of calcium from intracellular stores overwhelms the cell's ability to remove it, leading to a sustained contraction state. [1] This prolonged contraction causes the heart muscle to become extremely rigid, resembling stone - hence the syndrome's name.

  5. Myocardial contractility - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Myocardial_contractility

    When it's phosphorylated by PKA, levels of calcium stored in the sarcoplasmic reticulum are increased, allowing a higher rate of calcium being released at the next contraction. However, the increased rate of calcium sequestration also leads to an increase in lusitropy. Sensitizing troponin-C to the effects of calcium.

  6. Cardiac action potential - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cardiac_action_potential

    These calcium ions bind to and open more calcium channels (called ryanodine receptors) located on the sarcoplasmic reticulum within the cell, allowing the flow of calcium out of the SR. These calcium ions are responsible for the contraction of the heart. Calcium also activates chloride channels called I to2, which allow Cl − to enter the cell ...

  7. Hypercalcaemia - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypercalcaemia

    Calcium deposits known as limbus sign may be visible in the eyes. [7] Symptoms are more common at high calcium blood values (12.0 mg/dL or 3 mmol/L). [6] Severe hypercalcaemia (above 15–16 mg/dL or 3.75–4 mmol/L) is considered a medical emergency: at these levels, coma and cardiac arrest can result.

  8. Coronary ischemia - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coronary_ischemia

    Women, diabetic individuals, and elderly individuals are more likely to present with atypical symptoms other than chest pain. [8] Women may present with back pain, shortness of breath, heartburn, nausea, and vomiting. [19] Heart disease in women goes undetected prior to a major cardiac event in up to 60% of cases. [19]

  9. Atherosclerosis - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atherosclerosis

    This study showed that heart disease could affect people at a younger age and was not just a problem for older individuals. [ 118 ] [ 119 ] [ 120 ] In 1992, a report showed that microscopic fatty streaks were seen in the left anterior descending artery in over 50% of children aged 10–14 and 8% had even more advanced lesions with more ...

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