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The genetic divergence of R1a (M420) is estimated to have occurred 25,000 [2] years ago, which is the time of the last glacial maximum.A 2014 study by Peter A. Underhill et al., using 16,244 individuals from over 126 populations from across Eurasia, concluded that there was "a compelling case for the Middle East, possibly near present-day Iran, as the geographic origin of hg R1a". [2]
Haplogroup R1a is one of the major classifications (called clades) of Y-chromosome types found in human male lines.It is widespread all across Eurasia.Many sample studies therefore carry information on the incidence of R1a and/or its subclassifications, in particular the dominant branching line represented by the haplogroups R1a1 and R1a1a.
The following articles are lists of human Y-chromosome DNA haplogroups found in populations around the world. Y-DNA haplogroups by ethnic group; Y-DNA haplogroups in populations of Europe; Y-DNA haplogroups in populations of the Caucasus; Y-DNA haplogroups in populations of the Near East; Y-DNA haplogroups in populations of North Africa
As a haplogroup consists of similar haplotypes, it is usually possible to predict a haplogroup from haplotypes. Haplogroups pertain to a single line of descent. As such, membership of a haplogroup, by any individual, relies on a relatively small proportion of the genetic material possessed by that individual. Y-DNA haplogroups map of the world
Y-DNA haplogroup migration in East Asia. The tables below provide statistics on the human Y-chromosome DNA haplogroups most commonly found among ethnolinguistic groups and populations from East and South-East Asia. ST means Sino-Tibetan languages.
The R1a-Z93 paternal genetic in Romani people was also discovered. [10] Indian-Brahmin origin of paternal haplogroup R1a1*. [11] The Haplogroup R2 is mainly restricted to various populations of South Asia, in addition to some populations of South Central Asia, Middle East, Asia Minor and the Caucasus where it is observed in low frequencies. [12]
English: World Map of Y-Chromosome Haplogroups - Dominant Haplogroups in Pre-Colonial Populations with Possible Migrations Routes Behance page. Notes: The Y-DNA haplogroup(s) with the highest % in that area (or is notable) Population/language/region name in which the haplogroup is the majority or the genetic marker of movement
Haplogroup R1b is the dominant haplogroup of Western Europe and is also found sparsely distributed among various peoples of Asia and Africa. Its subclade R1b1a2 (M269) is the haplogroup that is most commonly found among modern Western European populations, and has been associated with the Italo-Celtic and Germanic peoples.