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Cleopatra VII was born in early 69 BC to the ruling Ptolemaic pharaoh Ptolemy XII and an uncertain mother, [32] [33] [note 13] presumably Ptolemy XII's wife Cleopatra V Tryphaena (who may have been the same person as Cleopatra VI Tryphaena), [34] [35] [36] [note 14] [note 2] the mother of Cleopatra's older sister, Berenice IV Epiphaneia.
Cleopatra II Philometor Soteira (Greek: Κλεοπάτρα Φιλομήτωρ Σώτειρα, Kleopatra Philomētōr Sōteira; c. 185 BC – 116/115 BC) was Queen consort of Ptolemaic Egypt from 175 to 170 BC as wife of Ptolemy VI Philometor, and then Queen regnant since 170 BC as co-ruler with her two successive brother-husbands, her daughter, and her grandson.
Ptolemy XV Caesar [b] (/ ˈ t ɒ l əm i /; Ancient Greek: Πτολεμαῖος Καῖσαρ, Ptolemaios Kaisar; 47 BC – late August 30 BC), [2] nicknamed Caesarion (Greek: Καισαρίων, Kaisaríōn, "Little Caesar"), was the last pharaoh of Ptolemaic Egypt, reigning with his mother Cleopatra VII from 2 September 44 BC until her death by 12 August 30 BC, then as sole ruler until his ...
A bust of Cleopatra VII dated to 40–30 BC, now located at the Vatican Museums, showing her with a "melon" hairstyle and a Hellenistic royal diadem [1]. The ethnicity of Cleopatra VII, the last active Hellenistic ruler of the Macedonian-led Ptolemaic Kingdom of Egypt, has caused debate in some circles.
Cleopatra Thea Epiphanes Syra (Greek: Κλεοπάτρα ἡ Σύρα; c. 204 – 176 BC), well known as Cleopatra I or Cleopatra Syra, was a princess of the Seleucid Empire, Queen of Ptolemaic Egypt by marriage to Ptolemy V of Egypt from 193 BC, and regent of Egypt during the minority of their son, Ptolemy VI, from her husband's death in 180 BC until her own death in 176 BC.
Through Cleopatra Selene's offspring the Ptolemaic line intermarried back into the Roman nobility for centuries. With the deaths of Cleopatra and Caesarion, the dynasty of Ptolemies and the entirety of pharaonic Egypt came to an end. Alexandria remained the capital of the country, but Egypt itself became a Roman province.
Ptolemy VIII Physcon (170–163 BC, 145–116 BC) married Cleopatra II, then Cleopatra III; temporarily expelled from Alexandria by Cleopatra II from 131 to 127 BC, then reconciled with her in 124 BC. Cleopatra II Philometor Soteira (131–127 BC), in opposition to Ptolemy VIII Physcon; Ptolemy Apion (c. 120–96 BC), son of Ptolemy VIII.
' dainty ') or Cleopatra Tryphaena II (died c. 57 BC) was a queen of Ptolemaic Egypt who ruled alongside Berenice IV, who was either her sister or daughter. Although called Cleopatra VI Tryphaena by some modern historians, she may be identical with Cleopatra V , the known mother of Berenice IV and wife of pharaoh Ptolemy XII Auletes . [ 2 ]