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[2] [3] An increasing number of jurisdictions around the world have passed laws against conversion therapy. [4] Historically, conversion therapy was the treatment of choice for individuals who disclosed same-sex attractions or exhibited gender nonconformity, which were formerly assumed to be pathologies by the medical establishment. [3]
Conversion therapy is the pseudoscientific practice of attempting to change a person's sexual orientation or gender identity. [1] As of December 2023, twenty-eight countries have bans on conversion therapy, fourteen of them ban the practice by any person: Belgium, [2] Canada, Cyprus, Ecuador, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Malta, Mexico, New Zealand, Norway, Portugal and Spain; seven ban ...
A majority of the United States population lives in jurisdictions that have banned conversion therapy on minors, although significant gaps in protections remain. Opponents of conversion therapy argue that it is abusive to attempt to change an individual's sexual orientation or gender identity and that the practice is based in pseudoscience.
The term re-education, with its pedagogical overtones, does not quite convey the quasi-mystical resonance of học tập cải tạo(學習改造) in Vietnamese. Cải ("to transform", from Sino-Vietnamese 改) and tạo ("to create", from Sino-Vietnamese 造) combine to literally mean an attempt at re-creation, and making over sinful or incomplete individuals.
In June 2018, President of the World Uyghur Congress (WUC) Dolkun Isa was told that his mother Ayhan Memet, 78, had died two months earlier while in detention at a "political re-education camp". [ 196 ] : 1:45 [ 179 ] The WUC president was unsure if she had been incarcerated in one of the many "political re-education camps".
Exodus International was a non-profit, interdenominational ex-gay Christian umbrella organization connecting organizations that sought to limit homosexual desires. [3] Founded in 1976, Exodus International originally asserted that conversion therapy, the reorientation of same-sex attraction, was possible.
Re-education camp may refer to: Re-education camps in the Cambodian Genocide; Re-education through labor (laojiao), a system of administrative detentions in the People's Republic of China; Xinjiang internment camps, internment camps for Uyghurs in Xinjiang, China; French re-education camps, announced in 2016
This list is only documented cases, not for estimated cases. Estimated case numbers differ in significant ways: estimates are available for all areas for all years unlike hard records, and estimates attempt to quantify an epidemic in current time, whereas registered/documented cases are behind the curve , they have lag time to detection and ...