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SAE J300 is a standard that defines the viscometric properties of mono- and multigrade engine oils, maintained by SAE International. [1] Key parameters for engine oil viscometrics are the oil's kinematic viscosity , its high temperature-high shear viscosity measured by the tapered bearing simulator , and low temperature properties measured by ...
Dimensionless numbers (or characteristic numbers) have an important role in analyzing the behavior of fluids and their flow as well as in other transport phenomena. [1] They include the Reynolds and the Mach numbers, which describe as ratios the relative magnitude of fluid and physical system characteristics, such as density, viscosity, speed of sound, and flow speed.
The PL-01 was a Polish light tank concept created by OBRUM with support from BAE Systems, based on the Swedish CV90120-T light tank. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] The concept vehicle was first unveiled at the International Defence Industry Exhibition in Kielce on 2 September 2013, [ 3 ] but the project was scrapped in 2015.
Volumetric efficiency (VE) in internal combustion engine engineering is defined as the ratio of the equivalent volume of the fresh air drawn into the cylinder during the intake stroke (if the gases were at the reference condition for density) to the volume of the cylinder itself.
MMboed – million barrels of oil equivalent per day; MMbpd – million barrels per day; MMcf – million cubic feet (of natural gas) MMcfe – million cubic feet (of natural gas equivalent) MMcfge – million cubic feet (of natural gas equivalent) MMS – Minerals Management Service (United States) MMscfd – million standard cubic feet per day
The viscosity index (VI) is an arbitrary, unit-less measure of a fluid's change in viscosity relative to temperature change. It is mostly used to characterize the viscosity-temperature behavior of lubricating oils. The lower the VI, the more the viscosity is affected by changes in temperature.
Generally speaking, a higher overall pressure ratio implies higher efficiency, but the engine will usually weigh more, so there is a compromise. A high overall pressure ratio permits a larger area ratio nozzle to be fitted on the jet engine [citation needed]. This means that more of the heat energy is converted to jet speed, and energetic ...
The first production engine with a variable compression ratio was introduced in 2019. Variable compression ratio is a technology to adjust the compression ratio of an internal combustion engine while the engine is in operation. This is done to increase fuel efficiency while under varying loads. Variable compression engines allow the volume ...