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Generalised geological map of Mars [1] Mars as seen by the Hubble Space Telescope. The geology of Mars is the scientific study of the surface, crust, and interior of the planet Mars. It emphasizes the composition, structure, history, and physical processes that shape the planet. It is analogous to the field of terrestrial geology.
The composition of Mars covers the branch of the geology of Mars that describes the make-up of the planet Mars. " Hottah " rock outcrop on Mars – ancient streambed [ 1 ] [ 2 ] [ 3 ] viewed by the Curiosity Rover (September 12, 2012, white balanced ) ( raw , close-up , 3-D version ).
Ore deposits are produced with the help of large amounts of heat. On Mars, heat can come from molten rock moving under the ground and from crater impacts. Liquid rock under the ground is called magma. When magma sits in underground chambers, slowly cooling over thousands of years, heavier elements sink.
Launched in 1996, it used the Mars Orbiter Camera (MOC), Mars Orbital Laser Altimeter, and Thermal Emission Spectrometer to show layering on the surface, presence of surface ice, and the mineral hematite. The presence of ice over the surface is essential to understanding why certain water bearing minerals are on Mars.
(by Mars Climate Sounder) Difference of dust and water clouds: the yellow cloud at the bottom center of the image is a large dust cloud, the other white clouds are water clouds. Similarly sized dust will settle from the thinner Martian atmosphere sooner than it would on Earth.
A dune was called Mermaid Dune, and a pair of hills were named Twin Peaks. [2] [3] [4] Sojourner rover (Mars Pathfinder 1997): Barnacle Bill; Yogi; Spirit rover (Mars Exploration Rover, 2004 – 2010): Adirondack; Home Plate; Pot of Gold; Opportunity rover (Mars Exploration Rover, 2004 - 2018): Block Island; Bounce; El Capitan; Heat Shield ...
Chinese missions include launching near-Earth asteroid probe Tianwen-2 next year, and Tianwen-3 around 2030 to bring samples back from Mars. China last month retrieved samples from the far side of ...
List of Solar System objects most distant from the Sun; List of Solar System objects by size; Lists of geological features of the Solar System; List of natural satellites (moons) Lists of small Solar System bodies; Lists of comets; List of meteor showers; Minor planets. List of minor planets. List of exceptional asteroids; List of minor planet ...