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Vitamin D is a group of structurally related, fat-soluble compounds responsible for increasing intestinal absorption of calcium, magnesium, and phosphate, along with numerous other biological functions. [1] [2] In humans, the most important compounds within this group are vitamin D 3 (cholecalciferol) and vitamin D 2 (ergocalciferol). [2] [3]
Dimethylglycine (DMG) is a derivative of the amino acid glycine with the structural formula (CH 3) 2 NCH 2 COOH. It can be found in beans and liver, and has a sweet taste. It can be formed from trimethylglycine upon the loss of one of its methyl groups.
Calcitriol is a hormone and the active form of vitamin D, normally made in the kidney. [8] [9] [10] It is also known as 1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol.It binds to and activates the vitamin D receptor in the nucleus of the cell, which then increases the expression of many genes. [11]
Cholesterol is the principal sterol of all higher animals, distributed in body tissues, especially the brain and spinal cord, and in animal fats and oils. [3] [4]Cholesterol is biosynthesized by all animal cells [citation needed] and is an essential structural and signaling component of animal cell membranes.
In other contexts, both β-carotene and retinol are simply considered to be different forms of vitamin A. "Provitamin B5" is a name for panthenol, which may be converted in the body to vitamin B 5 (pantothenic acid). Menadione is a synthetic provitamin of vitamin K. Provitamin D 2 is ergosterol, and provitamin D 3 is 7-dehydrocholesterol.
Patrick Soon-Shiong (born July 29, 1952) is a South African and American businessman, investor, medical researcher, and transplant surgeon. He is the inventor of the drug Abraxane, which is used for lung, breast, and pancreatic cancer.
As part of their adaptation from marine life, terrestrial plants began producing non-marine antioxidants such as ascorbic acid (), polyphenols, and tocopherols.The evolution of angiosperm plants between 50 and 200 million years ago resulted in the development of many antioxidant pigments – particularly during the Jurassic period – as chemical defences against reactive oxygen species that ...
On September 5, 2019, the United States Food and Drug Administration (US FDA) announced that 10 out of 18, or 56% of the samples of vape liquids sent in by states, linked to the recent vaping-related lung disease outbreak in the United States, tested positive for vitamin E acetate [14] which had been used as a thickening agent by illicit THC vape cartridge manufacturers. [15]