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Molecular weights of the species in the representative octane combustion are 114, 32, 44, and 18 for C 8 H 18, O 2, CO 2, and H 2 O, respectively; therefore one kilogram (2.2 lb) of fuel reacts with 3.51 kilograms (7.7 lb) of oxygen to produce 3.09 kilograms (6.8 lb) of carbon dioxide and 1.42 kilograms (3.1 lb) of water.
25.0 billion kilowatt-hours (≈ 25,000 GW·h) 21.5 trillion kilocalories (≈ 21 Pcal) [note 4] 85.2 trillion BTUs [note 4] 0.0852 quads or the energy released by combustion of the following: 21 500 kilotons of TNT-equivalent energy (≈ 21 Mt) [note 4] 2 630 000 000 litres or 695 000 000 US gallons of automotive gasoline
The heating value depends on the source of gas that is used and the process that is used to liquefy the gas. The range of heating value can span ±10 to 15 percent. A typical value of the higher heating value of LNG is approximately 50 MJ/kg or 21,500 BTU/lb. [2] A typical value of the lower heating value of LNG is 45 MJ/kg or 19,350 BTU/lb.
The hydrogen is stored in a 500-U.S.-gallon (1,900 L) tank at 200 pounds per square inch (1,400 kPa), and runs a ReliOn fuel cell to provide full electric back-up to the off-the-grid residence. Another closed system loop was unveiled in late 2011 in Hempstead, NY.
Avoirdupois ounce per fluid ounce (1 g/cm 3 ≈ 1.04317556 oz/US fl oz = 1.04317556 lb/US fl pint) Avoirdupois pound per cubic inch (1 g/cm 3 ≈ 0.036127292 lb/cu in) pound per cubic foot (1 g/cm 3 ≈ 62.427961 lb/cu ft) pound per cubic yard (1 g/cm 3 ≈ 1685.5549 lb/cu yd) pound per US liquid gallon (1 g/cm 3 ≈ 8.34540445 lb/US gal)
Lithium-ion batteries including packaging and accessories gives a 160 Wh/kg energy density while aviation fuel gives 12,500 Wh/kg. [81] As electric machines and converters are more efficient, their shaft power available is closer to 145 Wh/kg of battery while a gas turbine gives 6,555 Wh/kg of fuel: a 45:1 ratio. [ 82 ]
[48] [49] Gasoline sold in Brazil contains at least 25% anhydrous ethanol. Hydrous ethanol (about 95% ethanol and 5% water) can be used as fuel in more than 90% of new gasoline-fueled cars sold in the country. The US and many other countries primarily use E10 (10% ethanol, sometimes known as gasohol) and E85 (85% ethanol) ethanol/gasoline mixtures.