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A plate showing the uniform of a U.S. Army first sergeant, circa 1858, influenced by the French army. The military uniforms of the Union Army in the American Civil War were widely varied and, due to limitations on supply of wool and other materials, based on availability and cost of materials. [1]
Built with slave labor during 1861, the fort was to defend against a Union blockade of one of the south’s most important ports at Port Royal. [1] Fort Walker along with the Confederate Fort Beauregard on the opposite side of Port Royal Sound was the site of the Battle of Port Royal during November 1861.
Hilton Head Island had tremendous significance in the Civil War and became an important base of operations for the Union blockade of the Southern ports, particularly Savannah and Charleston. The Union also built a military hospital on Hilton Head Island with a 1,200-foot (370 m) frontage and a floor area of 60,000 square feet (6,000 m 2). [32]
The Official Military Atlas of the Civil War, Random House Value Publishing, (1988) ISBN 0-517-53407-X; Faust, Patricia L., Historical Times Illustrated Encyclopedia of the Civil War, HarperPerennial, (1986) ISBN 0-06-273116-5; Konstam, Angusand and Bryan, Tony Confederate Ironclad 1861-65, Osprey Publishing, (2001) pg. 1873 ISBN 1-84176-307-1
Spencer, John D. (2006) The American Civil War in the Indian Territory Osprey ISBN 978-1-84603-000-0; Emerson, William K. (1996) Encyclopedia of United States Army insignia and uniforms University of Oklahoma Press ISBN 978-0-8061-2622-7; Taschek, Karen. (2006) The Civil War Chelsea House ISBN 978-1-60413-381-3
Although the official order designating its number was not issued until July 22, 1862, the IX Corps organization dates from the expedition to North Carolina in February, 1862, under Ambrose E. Burnside and to the operations about Hilton Head, South Carolina, because the troops engaged in these movements were the only ones used in the formation of the corps.
The Hilton Head hospital opened as a 40-bed community hospital in 1975. Today, it is a 93-bed medical center and a major health care facility serving the Hilton Head Island and Bluffton areas.
These were not the first hospital ships employed by the Civil War governments; previous ships used as hospitals, like the hospital ship CSS St. Philip (formerly the Star of the West) in September 1861 and April 1862, retained patients for long periods of time (30–90 days easily) and stayed on station rarely travelling. The Sanitary Commission ...