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npm. npm is a package manager for the JavaScript programming language maintained by npm, Inc., a subsidiary of GitHub. npm is the default package manager for the JavaScript runtime environment Node.js and is included as a recommended feature in the Node.js installer. [4] It consists of a command line client, also called npm, and an online ...
New public management (NPM) is an approach to running public service organizations that is used in government and public service institutions and agencies, at both sub-national and national levels. The term was first introduced by academics in the UK and Australia [ 1 ][full citation needed] to describe approaches that were developed during the ...
Node.js is a cross-platform, open-source JavaScript runtime environment that can run on Windows, Linux, Unix, macOS, and more. Node.js runs on the V8 JavaScript engine, and executes JavaScript code outside a web browser. Node.js lets developers use JavaScript to write command line tools and for server-side scripting.
All npm packages are JavaScript libraries, but not all libraries are packages. Npm originally stood for "Node Package Manager", as the name implies, npm serves as a package manager for packages used in Node.js runtimes. [12] [13] However, some npm packages offer CDN support for use of the library in both Node.js runtimes as well as the browser ...
The New Public Administration (NPA) is a perspective in public administration that emerged in the late 20th century, focusing on a more collaborative and citizen-centric approach. It emphasizes responsiveness to public needs, community involvement, and the integration of management and social science principles in public sector decision-making.
Contents. Package manager. A package manager or package-management system is a collection of software tools that automates the process of installing, upgrading, configuring, and removing computer programs for a computer in a consistent manner. [ 1 ] A package manager deals with packages, distributions of software and data in archive files.
Yarn is one of the main JavaScript package managers, [3][4] developed in 2016 by Sebastian McKenzie of Meta (formerly Facebook) for the Node.js JavaScript runtime environment. An alternative to the npm package manager, Yarn was created as a collaboration of Facebook (now Meta), Exponent (now Expo.dev), Google, and Tilde (the company behind ...
Webpack, another open-source tool, is used to bundle the modules afterward, however it is currently being replaced with TurboPack. [29] All of these tools are used with npm in a terminal. [14] The main feature of Next.js is its use of server-side rendering to reduce the burden on web browsers and provide enhanced security [citation needed].