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The patellar reflex, also called the knee reflex or knee-jerk, is a stretch reflex which tests the L2, L3, and L4 segments of the spinal cord. Many animals, most significantly humans, have been seen to have the patellar reflex, including dogs, cats, horses, and other mammalian species.
Hilton's law, espoused by John Hilton in a series of medical lectures given in 1860–1862, [1] is the observation that in the study of anatomy, the nerve supplying the muscles extending directly across and acting at a given joint not only supplies the muscle, but also innervates the joint and the skin overlying the muscle.
tibial nerve; common fibular nerve (also known as the common peroneal nerve) [3] popliteal vein; popliteal artery, a continuation of the femoral artery; small saphenous vein (termination) [3] Popliteal lymph nodes and vessels [3] It is of note that the common fibular nerve also begins at the superior angle of the popliteal fossa. [4]
The oculomotor nerve, also known as the third cranial nerve, cranial nerve III, or simply CN III, is a cranial nerve that enters the orbit through the superior orbital fissure and innervates extraocular muscles that enable most movements of the eye and that raise the eyelid.
It is especially called into action at the beginning of the act of bending the knee, in as much as it produces the slight inward rotation of the tibia, which is essential in the early stage of this movement. [6] When the knee is in full extension, the femur slightly medially rotates on the tibia to lock the knee joint in place.
After nerve trauma around the eye, a combination of any two of these three cranial nerves have been shown to be involved with extra-ocular synkinesis. Moreover, while the abducens and the trochlear nerve each innervate one specific muscle, the oculomotor nerve has many functions including eyelid retraction and pupil constriction.
The common fibular nerve (also known as the common peroneal nerve, external popliteal nerve, or lateral popliteal nerve) is a nerve in the lower leg that provides sensation over the posterolateral part of the leg and the knee joint. It divides at the knee into two terminal branches: the superficial fibular nerve and deep fibular nerve, which ...
This is a list of human anatomy mnemonics, categorized and alphabetized.For mnemonics in other medical specialties, see this list of medical mnemonics.Mnemonics serve as a systematic method for remembrance of functionally or systemically related items within regions of larger fields of study, such as those found in the study of specific areas of human anatomy, such as the bones in the hand ...