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In geometry, a hypersurface is a generalization of the concepts of hyperplane, plane curve, and surface. A hypersurface is a manifold or an algebraic variety of dimension n − 1, which is embedded in an ambient space of dimension n, generally a Euclidean space, an affine space or a projective space. [1]
The Gauss map can be defined for hypersurfaces in R n as a map from a hypersurface to the unit sphere S n − 1 ⊆ R n. For a general oriented k-submanifold of R n the Gauss map can also be defined, and its target space is the oriented Grassmannian ~,, i.e. the set of all oriented k-planes in R n. In this case a point on the submanifold is ...
In the case of a hypersurface M of Euclidean space, the formula asserts that Δ h = Hess H + H h 2 − | h | 2 h , {\displaystyle \Delta h=\operatorname {Hess} H+Hh^{2}-|h|^{2}h,} where, relative to a local choice of unit normal vector field, h is the second fundamental form , H is the mean curvature , and h 2 is the symmetric 2-tensor on M ...
In mathematics, a quadric or quadric hypersurface is the subspace of N-dimensional space defined by a polynomial equation of degree 2 over a field. Quadrics are fundamental examples in algebraic geometry. The theory is simplified by working in projective space rather than affine space. An example is the quadric surface =
Consequently, the adjunction formula says that the restriction of (d − 3)H to C equals the canonical class of C. This restriction is the same as the intersection product (d − 3)H ⋅ dH restricted to C, and so the degree of the canonical class of C is d(d−3). By the Riemann–Roch theorem, g − 1 = (d−3)d − g + 1, which implies the ...
In mathematics, a quadric or quadric surface (quadric hypersurface in higher dimensions), is a generalization of conic sections (ellipses, parabolas, and hyperbolas).It is a hypersurface (of dimension D) in a (D + 1)-dimensional space, and it is defined as the zero set of an irreducible polynomial of degree two in D + 1 variables; for example, D = 1 in the case of conic sections.
Area#Area formulas – Size of a two-dimensional surface; Perimeter#Formulas – Path that surrounds an area; List of second moments of area; List of surface-area-to-volume ratios – Surface area per unit volume; List of surface area formulas – Measure of a two-dimensional surface; List of trigonometric identities
The product k 1 k 2 of the two principal curvatures is the Gaussian curvature, K, and the average (k 1 + k 2)/2 is the mean curvature, H. If at least one of the principal curvatures is zero at every point, then the Gaussian curvature will be 0 and the surface is a developable surface .
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