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Solar cycle 25 is the current solar cycle, the 25th since 1755, when extensive recording of solar sunspot activity began. It began in December 2019 with a minimum smoothed sunspot number of 1.8. [ 2 ]
Following is a comparison of the growth of cycle 25 versus cycle 24, using the 13-month sunspot averages, beginning with the months of the respective minimums. Numbers in brackets for cycle 25 indicate the minimum possible value for that month, assuming there are no more sunspots between now (Jan 3, 2024) and six months after the end of the ...
Sporadic E (abbreviated E s or SpE) is an uncommon form of radio propagation using a low level of the Earth's ionosphere that normally does not refract radio waves above about 15 MHz. Sporadic E propagation reflects signals off relatively small ionization patches in the lower E region located at altitudes of about 95~120 km (50~75 miles).
Flares lead to brief radio blackouts for about 30 minutes in western US Powerful ‘X-class’ solar flare from rapidly growing sunspot triggers radio blackout in US Skip to main content
The rapidly growing sunspot AR3663 became the most active spot of the 25th solar cycle. On 5 May alone, it emitted two X-class (strongest) flares and six M-class (medium) flares. Each of these flares resulted in a short-term but profound disconnection of the Earth's radio signal, resulting in signal loss at frequencies below 30 MHz. [95]
A preliminary consensus by a solar cycle 25 Prediction Panel was made in early 2019. [24] The Panel, which was organized by NOAA's Space Weather Prediction Center (SWPC) and NASA, based on the published solar cycle 25 predictions, concluded that solar cycle 25 will be very similar to solar cycle 24. They anticipate that the solar cycle minimum ...
Rudolf Wolf gathered sunspot observations as far back as the 1755–1766 cycle. He established a relative sunspot number formulation (the Wolf or Zürich sunspot number) that became the standard measure. Around 1852, Sabine, Wolf, Gautier and von Lamont independently found a link between the solar cycle and geomagnetic activity. [52]
PSK Reporter is an amateur radio signal reporting and spotting network and website started by Philip Gladstone in 2014 which allows operators to see where their radio signals are being received. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] The platform works by collecting digital signal reports from software clients such as WSJT [ 3 ] and FLDIGI, [ 4 ] then mapping them to ...